1. Virtualization Dr. John P. Abraham Professor

2. Grid computing Multiple independent computing clusters which act like a “grid” because they are composed of resource nodes not located within a single administrative domain. Offering online computation or storage (like electricity sale). The creation of a “virtual supercomputer” by using spare computing resources within an organization

3. Virtualization the act of decoupling one computing resource from others without impacting the usability across these resources. User state virtualization Application virtualization. Client-Hosted Desktop virtualization Server-based Desktop virtualization Application Virtualization

4. User state virtualization. separates the user data and settings from any PC and enables IT to store them centrally (i.e., in the datacenter) while also making them accessible on any PC. It also simplifies the central backup of user data since data is already stored centrally on servers.

5. Application virtualization Isolates applications from each other and solves application to application compatibility issues by allowing applications to run together even though they may require the same resources from the OS Application virtualization allows IT to store the application centrally and stream the application to a desktop based on user access.

6. Client-Hosted Desktop Virtualization. technology (such as Microsoft® Virtual PC or Sun xVM Virtual Box ) that separates the operating system from the physical hardware and allows a single PC to run virtual machines side by side with the host OS.

7. Server-Based Desktop Virtualization: Allows the execution of an environment at one place and presentation of that environment or user interface at a different location. These technologies usually use remote desktop protocols, such as RDP, to decouple the user interface location from the execution environment location. Remote execution enables organizations to use older PCs as “thin clients,” giving users the benefit of newer applications and versions of Windows while helping save the environment by avoiding the dumping of electronics into landfills.

8. Cloud Computing is location independent computing shared servers provide resources, software, and data to computers. computing is moved away from personal computers or an individual application server to a “cloud” of computers. Users of the cloud only need to be concerned with the computing service being asked for, as the underlying details of how it is achieved are hidden. This method of distributed computing is done through pooling all computer resources together and being managed by software rather than a human.

9. Virtualization software Citrix XenServer Vmware Sun VirtualBox (Oracle) Red Hat KVM and Spice Proxmox