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PROBLEMS FACING POST-WAR CANADA Canadian History 1201
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THE ROARING 20S This was a time of glamour and prosperity for many There was “hot jazz”, dance halls, movies, radios and cars It looked as though people were making up for the misery of war by enjoying themselves as much as possible By the late 1920s, over half of Canadians lived in industrial, urban centres
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THE ROARING 20S More Canadians had money to spend on consumer goods Northern Canada began to open up The Union Government was still in power New political ideas were beginning across the country
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THE ROARING 20S Unions and protest parties began to take ahold of the political landscape There was a new generation of female voters making an impact Canada was still part of the British Empire But the country was becoming increasingly independent
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UNEMPLOYMENT War materials were no longer needed so factories cut back on production so workers lost their jobs Munitions factories all closed down Other industries slowed down and resulted in layoffs i.e. Steel, Cloth, Wood Returning soldiers couldn’t find work
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UNEMPLOYMENT Women were forced back into the home so men could get jobs Veterans were unemployed and bitter They felt that the country owed them a chance to make an honest living They were upset that businesses made a profit off the war while they were risking their lives in Europe
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INFLATION The government removed the price controls that were in place during the war so prices of goods skyrocketed The cost of food, fuel, rent and clothing was going up Housing was scarce and costly; rent was high The price of many things had doubled from 1914-1919 Even those that were working were unable to buy necessities
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WORKING CONDITIONS Some construction workers had to work 16 hours a day Working conditions were dangerous i.e. Many miners were killed on the job Wages did not keep pace with inflation People were always afraid of losing their jobs
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TRADE UNIONS FORMED Unions were created A group of workers who join together to get improvements in their wages, work hours and working conditions One Big Union believed society was a class struggle with workers on one side and business people on the other OBU encouraged workers to participate in a General Strike in order to control industries
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TRADE UNIONS FORMED If workers and the employers could not reach an agreement, unions could call a strike to force employers to accept the union demands A lockout was sometimes used by employers to force union workers to agree to their demands Some employers refused to deal with unions
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PROHIBITION Started in 1916-1917 in Canada and made the production and sale of alcohol illegal Started partly by the Women’s Christian Temperance Union who believed that the grain used in alcohol should be used to feed soldiers and civilians The government lost millions in potential taxes as the sale of alcohol went “underground”
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PROHIBITION
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Bootleg Booze was available to anyone that had cash Illegal liquor made and sold by organized bootleggers Speakeasies opened in homes and businesses Secretive private, elegant bars Prohibition was impossible to enforce
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PROHIBITION
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Rumrunners (people who sold liquor to the U.S. across the Quebec border) got rich Rocco Perri in Canada and Al Capone in the U.S.
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