2. Central Nervous System Disorders Peripheral Nervous System Disorders Sensory Disorders

3. Infection of the brain that begins in the meninges The cause may be bacterial or viral Occurs most often in close living quarters (like a college DORM!) through nasal secretions Symptoms include headache, fever, and stiff neck A severe form may lead to paralysis and death. The bacterial form may be treated with antibiotics There are now vaccinations for many types!

4. Multiple Sclerosis is disease in which the body’s immune system eats away the myelin that covers nerve cell axons This leaves scar tissue on the nerve cells, causing interference with communication between neurons This eventually leads to deterioration of the nerves

5. Depends on the location of the affected nerves -Numbness in a certain area of the body -Partial or complete loss of vision, usually one eye at a time -Double or blurred vision -Tremor, lack of coordination, unsteady gait, dizziness

6. Cause is unknown, but thought to be genetic More common in women between 20-40 Caucasian descendents of Northern European countries

7. There is no cure for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment is focused on reducing the autoimmune response and controlling the symptoms The most common treatment is with different types of steroids Other treatments are physical and occupational therapies Getting enough rest, exercise, and proper nutrition also play important roles

8. A disease in which the nerve endings in the cerebral cortex of the brain degenerate and block the signals that pass between nerve cells The cause is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors

9. Symptoms begin with problems remembering recently learned information This leads to short-term memory, anxiety, memory loss, motor problems, weight loss, seizures, and loss of speech There is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, though it can be delayed by a healthy lifestyle and staying mentally active

10. A condition that involves the seventh cranial nerve (facial) The patient experiences paralysis of one half of their face Without natural blinking the eye must be kept moist with a lubricating gel The symptoms usually disappear within a few weeks, but may have lasting effects on the elderly

11. A condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes cloudy Frequently occurs in people over 70 years of age Treated by laser surgery or the surgical removal of the lens

12. A tiny abscess at the base of an eyelash The area becomes red, painful, and swollen Treatment consists of warm, wet compresses

13. Not all hearing disorders lead to deafness, some lead to hearing impairments Possible causes: Heredity Diseases such as ear infections and meningits Trauma Certain medicines Long-term exposure to loud noise Aging

14. 1 – inner ear or auditory nerve damaged Damage to these areas actually leads to permanent hearing loss 2 – sound waves cannot reach inner ear This could be due to earwax build-up, fluid in the ear, or a punctured ear drum

15. It is relatively easy to damage the cilia within your cochlea The cilia can break, become bent, or the nerves can become damaged This can be caused by infections of the middle ear, but is usually caused by loud noises