1. Open Channel Flow Closed pipe Pump or fan driving force No free surface Open channel Gravity driving force Free surface

2. Open channel Irrigation Storm water collection Waste treatment Transport

3. Open channel Prismatic channel Hydraulic radius R h = flow area/wetted perimeter Optimize for greatest flow at smallest wetted perimeter

6. Open channel Flow determination Empirical Manning Equation Weirs

7. Manning equation USCS: cfs Q = (1.49/n)A R h 2/3 S o 1/2 Manning coefficient: n depends on channel surface smoothness

8. Weirs Obstruction in flow channel Sharp-crested weirs Rectangular V-notch

11. Open Channel Lab All data in USCS Obtain measurements for slope calculations

12. Part 1 Flow valve wide open; allow flow to stabilize Record flow meter value Record dimensions for Manning equation Install rectangular weir; obtain dimensions Install v-notch weir; obtain dimensions

13. Part 2 Adjust flow valve to reduce flow to about 50% of flow in Part 1 Repeat all measurements

14. Report Data: dimensions and flow meter readings Results: calculated flows from Manning Equation and two weirs Conclusions: compare flow meter readings with those obtained from empirical equations