1. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College1

2. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College2 The View from Earth and Physics Background

3. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College3 Outline l Logistics l Review l clicker checkup l The view from Earth l Some General Science background

4. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College4 Class Introduction Class Web Site is: http://faculty.fortlewis.edu/hakes_c/ http://faculty.fortlewis.edu/hakes_c/ Also you will need: http://www.masteringastronomy.com http://www.masteringastronomy.com ASTRONOMYHAKESF11

5. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College5 Logistics Homework Study sessions… (Looking for tutor) Login Issues? Manila Folder format - today, write your full name on the tab, and large “call name” on the front.

6. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College6 Logistics Tentative evening activity for week two...

7. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College7 Class Objective

8. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College8 Class Objective To gain a general understanding of the contents of your universe and how it works.

9. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College9 Figure 18.1 Arrow of Time

10. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College10 Class Objective To gain a general understanding of the contents of your universe and how it works. To learn about some of the physical laws that control the universe.

11. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College11 Class Objective To gain a general understanding of the contents of your universe and how it works. To learn about some of the physical laws that control the universe. To gain an understanding of the size and age of the universe and the various components.

12. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College12 Class Objective To gain a general understanding of the contents of your universe and how it works. To learn about some of the physical laws that control the universe. To gain an understanding of the size and age of the universe and the various components. To learn how we know what we know. (this is where the “technology” of the course comes in)

13. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College13 Class Objective To gain a general understanding of the contents of your universe and how it works. To learn about some of the physical laws that control the universe. To gain an understanding of the size and age of the universe and the various components. To learn how we know what we know. (this is where the “technology” of the course comes in) The content of this course is really more like astrophysics, and it will involve some standard scientific skills, like interpreting plots and performing numerical calculation.

14. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College14 Class Non-Objective This is not a course about horoscopes (astrology) or about stories associated with the constellations (mythology). To fulfill an easy distribution requirement. Many students at colleges across the country sign up for astronomy because they think it will be easy (they are usually wrong).

15. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College15 Teaching Philosophy You are the primary person responsible for learning the material. I am a facilitator. What you can do. Read the book. (It is a good one.) Do the exercises. (They can be challenging.) Come to class. (Participate!) Ask questions. Discuss questions with your peers. You will learn the material the best if you can explain it to someone.

16. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College16 Teaching Philosophy So… You read the book. (It is a good one.) You do the exercises. (They can be challenging.) You discuss questions with your peers…

17. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College17 Why come to class?

18. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College18 I>clicker Response System Add your number to the class roster as you see your name. Practice questions will begin now.

19. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College19 Clicker Practice What is your favorite color? A.red B.yellow C.green D.blue E.purple

20. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College20 Clicker Practice How many days will you miss class this semester? (Enter a number 1-5)

21. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College21 Reading Quiz Did you read Chapter 0? Lets find out...

22. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College22 About how many stars can you see at one time from Durango with your naked eye? A) 800 B) 4000 C) 20,000 D) 100,000 E) 1,000,000

23. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College23 About how many constellations can you see at one time? A) 22 B) 44 C) 88 D) 144

24. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College24 Magnitude Historical Magnitude Scale Hipparcos/Ptolemy The brightest stars were “of the first magnitude” Dimmer stars were second, third, etc. magnitude. Dimmest stars were 6 th magnitude

25. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College25 How many Stars Can You See? MagnitudeRangeCumulative Stars% Increase Seen -1-1.50 to -0.512- 0-0.50 to +0.498400% 1+0.50 to +1.4922275% 2+1.50 to +2.4993423% 3+2.50 to +3.49283304% 4+3.50 to +4.49893316% 5+4.50 to +5.492,822316% 6+5.50 to +6.498,768311% 7+6.50 to +7.4926,533303%

26. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College26 Charting the Heavens The “Obvious” view

27. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College27 Photos

28. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College28

29. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College29 Figure P.1a The Constellation Orion

30. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College30 Constellations There are 88 constellations defined on the celestial sphere. Many are historical There are no “empty” places Many correspond to asterisms. Asterism - a noticeable pattern of stars that makes up part of one or more constellations; not a constellation itself.

31. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College31 Constellations The stars in a constellation are not physically close to each other - they just happen to be in the same direction.

32. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College32 Figure P.1b The Constellation Orion

33. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College33 Figure P.2 The Celestial Sphere

34. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College34 Measurements and Units http://faculty.fortlewis.edu/hakes%5Fc/

35. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College35 Measurements Measurements allow us to compute quantities and solve problems Science attempts to describe nature in an objective way through measurements Standard Unit (everyone can understand) System of Units (group of standards) Metric System (SI) British System

36. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College36 Length

37. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College37 Time

38. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College38 Mass Mass is the only fundamental unit that is still defined by an artifact - a one kg platinum cylinder.

39. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College39 SI Units Name of Unit AbbreviationProperty Measured metermlength kilogramkgmass secondstime ampereAelectric current kelvinKtemperature molemol substance amount candelacd luminous intensity

40. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College40 Dimensional Analysis Dimensional Analysis is VERY helpful in problem solving. Check your equations with specific units. Velocity example - how do distance (x), time (t), and Velocity (V) relate? V = x/t

41. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College41 Velocity Exercise You drive 60 miles to Pagosa Springs at 55 miles per hour. How many hours does this take?

42. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College42 Dimensional Analysis Example - Which equation is correct? A) velocity = distance * time B) time = velocity * distance C) time = distance / velocity D) time = velocity / distance

43. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College43 Which equation is correct? A) velocity = distance * time B) time = velocity * distance C) time = distance / velocity D) time = velocity / distance

44. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College44 Velocity Exercise The laser travels 9.6m across the room. How many seconds does it take?

45. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College45 Light Travel Time Across the Room (9.6 meters) A) 2.9x10 6 sec B) 2.9x10 -6 sec C) 3.2x10 -5 sec D) 3.2x10 -8 sec

46. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College46 Light Travel Time Across the Room (9.6 meters) A) 2.9x10 6 sec B) 2.9x10 -6 sec C) 3.2x10 -5 sec D) 3.2x10 -8 sec

47. Charles Hakes Fort Lewis College47 Three Minute Paper Write 1-3 sentences. What was the most important thing you learned today? What questions do you still have about today’s topics?