1. Basic feedback model of environmental monitoring and evaluation (for example used in environmental impact assessment) Environmental principles and regulatory standards Behaviour of individual and collective actors Mitigation, enforcement, sanctioning evaluation

2. Environmental principles and regulatory standards Contextual interpretation of the principles by different social groups Multi-criteria environmental indicators (ecological, socio-economic and legal- institutional) : permanent process of data gathering Environmental conditionality in regulatory tools for new member countries / candidate countries Behaviour of individual and collective actors Building capacity for consensus building in collective bargaining Revision of incentive politics and regulatory standards Information on multiple values and cognitive backgrounds produced by the context Model of reflexive governance for environmental monitoring and evaluation

3. Drivers change in production practices Pressures ecosystems health (pollution, etc.) State ecosystems, species, genetic Impacts I Environmental Impacts (water sanitation, carbon sequestration) Impacts II Socio-economic impacts Responses Institutional and legal responses Productive capacity of ecosystems Ecosystems health Ecosystems diversity Species diversity Genetic diversity Maintenance of water and soil resources Contribution to global carbon cycles Consumption of ecosystems products (wood, etc.) employment Recreation and tourism Investment in forest sector or other ecosystems Cultural services Legal framework Institutional framework Economic policies Capacity to monitor and measure Regulatory ToolsType of environmental conditionality PAC second pillar ex. prevention of abandonment of HNV farmland Agro-environmental measures Structural FundsRestructuring forestry and agriculture Cohesion Fund ex. Promoting tourism in mountain forests Reduce economic and social disparities Reforestation and nature conservation World Bank Ex. Forest Banking (institutional reorganization of forests) Institutional reorganisation of forests Example of interactions : Are the tools well-targeted ? Identifying new regulatory tools that are needed Alternative possibilities for compromise amongst indicators in regulatory tools Environmental conditionality in regulatory tools for new member countries / candidate countries Multi-criteria environmental indicators Agri- environmental indicators Forest process

4. Examples of interaction (detailed) Examples of questions to be addressed Are the different tools well-targeted (for instance the indicators could show a demand for cultural services not met by any tool) ? Could we structure the information on the reporting (annual reports submitted by the beneficiaries of the structural funds) in way that the gathered information (for instance on restructuring forestry) provide relevant data to the pan European forestry process How to select tool appropriate for the situation ? (what tool best fits my situation ?) Do I use all the possible subsidy schemes that could benefit my situation (the data gathering on the indicators could reveal an ecosystems services (such as water sanitation by forests) for which I could apply for subsidies to a certain tool)).

5. Comments and bibliography to the model Table 1 : indicators used by the Pan European forest process ; similar indicators are developed in the Montreal Process, cf. “National Report on Sustainable Forests, USDA” National reports to the Pan European Process have been submitted by Albania and Rumania Table 2 : DPSIR model developed by Eurostat for its environmental monitoring program ; cf. “Towards Environmental Pressure indictors for the EU”, p. 5, 1999 –A detailed model of indicators based on the DPSIR model has been developed for agro-environmental indicators, cf. “Environmental risks for agriculture in Europe, p. 22