1. AP Biology Saturday Session 3 Evolution as a Process Session 1 - Microevolution

2. Question 1 C Clue: it’s neck

3. Question 2 B Clue: evidence and reasoning = true

4. Question 3 D Clue: resistance…to survive over time

5. Artificial Selection Backfiring

6. Question 4 A Clue: same embryonic tissues

7. Supporting Evidence Homologous Structures

8. Supporting Evidence Embryological Homologies

9. Supporting Evidence Molecular Homologies

10. Analogous Structures

11. Question 5 B Clue: look essentially the same = same environmental pressures

12. Biogeography and Convergent Evolution

13. Galapagos Islands close up (Adaptive Radiation)

14. Darwin’s Galapagos Island finches

15. Modes of Speciation Allopatric speciation Sympatric speciation

16. Speciation Pathways Anagenesis Cladogenesis

17. Question 6 C Clue: change over time

18. Evolutionary Flow flow = movement

19. Math Question Solution The correct answer is: 0.0002 Solution – 100,000 is total population Affected (p 2 or 2pq) = 34 individuals Unaffected = 100,000 – 34 = 99,966 individuals q 2 = 99,966 or 0.99966 (99966/100,000) q = √.99966 = 0.99983 p = 1 – q = 1.0 - 0.99983 = 0.00017 = 0.0002

20. Short Free Response 1 4 points possible Possible points awarded for: Discussion of Bottleneck effect being a natural disaster affecting a populations genetic composition and survivors being the ones the escaped via the bottle neck. (1 pt.) Discussion of a logic natural disastrous event affecting a population. (1 pt.) Discussion of Founder Effect a population being separated or leaving from a larger population and altering genotype frequency (1 pt.) Discussion of a logical separation event (1 pt.)

21. Genetic Drift – Bottleneck effect Original population Bottlenecking event Surviving population

22. “Founding fathers”

24. Short Free Response 2 3 points possible Possible Points awarded for: Discussion of crossover in Meiosis leading to variation from the parents genome. (1pt.) Discussion of segregation during Anaphase 1 and 2 leading to various gametic outcomes OR various gametes by independent assortment. (1pt.) Discussion of random fertilization increasing variety by combining two genomes. (1 pt.)

25. Variation in Crossover

26. Variation in Anaphase I

27. Variation in Anaphase II

28. Variation in Egg and sperm (Which sperm will it be?)