1. Chapter four 第四章 Internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine 中医内科学

2. Internal medicine of TCM a clinical subject the diagnosis and treatment the diseases and disorders the viscera the human body TCM theory The basis of various clinical sciences.

3. The endogenous diseases –caused by endogenous pathogenic factors, such as phlegm, blood stasis and food, etc The exogenous diseases –caused by invasion of exogenous cold, wind, heat,damp,etc. The internal diseases

4. The endogenous diseases The pathogenesis is always limited to the dysfunction of zang-ru organs, disturbance in the production and distribution of qi, blood and body fluid, and the dysfunction of meridian system. The physiological function of zang-ru organs decide the pathological manifestations.

5. The heart dominates blood and vessels rules the spirit; diseases such as palpitation, mania, insomnia, chest pain and dreamy belong to the heart system.

6. The procedure and principles of diagnosis and treatment of internal diseases in TCM The four diagnostic methods Inspection Auscultation and olfaction Inquire; interrogation Palpation and pulse-taking

7. To identify the nature and location of a disease Pathogenic factor Anti- Pathogenic factor The imbalance of yin and yang Syndrome differentiation Deficiency Excess Cold Heat Exterior Interior Draw an outline of a disease Design the general therapeutic principle

8. To infer the cause and judge the pathogenesis of a disease Refine the diagnosis and syndrome differentiation Patients’ complaints The results of diagnostic methods, laboratory tests, and from the time, the season, the environment and climate.

9. To design the therapeutic principle and method The result of syndrome differentiation A cough liver fire invading the lung clearing away liver fire and lowering the adverse rising lung qi

10. To choose drugs and formulate a prescription The base syndrome therapeutic principles the herbs A traditional prescription

11. Syndrome patterns of the lung 肺系病证 Colds Common cold “shangfeng” 普通感冒 Influenza “shixingganmao” 流行感冒 Wind-cold type Wind-heat type Summer-heat and dampness type