2. Energy 102 Electrical Energy

3. Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical Energy

4. Electrical Energy Secondary Form of Energy Can Not Exist on Its Own Must be Produced or Stored by Another Form

5. Electrical Energy Not Static Electricity Electrons on the Move

6. Primary Energy Forms Chemical Radiant Mechanical

7. 100 % Satisfaction Guarantee Five Times More Energy Educated

8. Grading System Final Exam Class Participation

9. Reliable Electrical Energy

10. Early Telegraph Systems

11. Powered Early Telegraph and Telephone Systems

12. Alexandra Volta

13. Voltaic Pile – Battery Invented 1800

14. Zinc Gains 2 Extra Electrons Negative Copper Loses 2 Electrons Positive

15. Batteries are Everywhere

16. Storage Batteries Expensive Today

17. Electric Car Batteries

18. Photovoltaic Cell

19. PV Cell Efficiency 7 % – 17 % Most of the Incoming Radiant Transformed into Thermal or Reflected

20. Total 2012 U.S. Energy from PV Systems 0.1% Twice as Expensive as Natural Gas, Coal, or Nuclear

21. Super PV Cells Cheaper to Manufacturer More Efficient Transforming Radiant Energy into Electrical Laws of Physics May Prevent or Allow

22. Tracking the Sun 20% more in winter 50% more in summer

23. Anti – Reflective Coating 33% absorption without coating 96 % absorption with coating

24. 99% of U.S. Electricity

25. Primary Energy Forms for Electrical Energy Radiant and Chemical – 1% Mechanical – 99%

26. Electrical Generator

27. Michael Faraday 1791-1867

28. Michael Faraday - 1831

29. Joseph Henry 1797 - 1878

30. Hand Generators

31. Early Generators mid 1800s

32. Thomas Edison

33. Pearl Street Station, New York - 1882 85 Customers 400 Lamps

34. Pearl Street Station New York – 1882-4 Customers 85-508 Lamps 400 - 10,164

35. Electric Power – 40% 2012 U.S. Energy Demand

36. Thermal Power Plants 2012 U.S. Electricity Production Coal – 42% Natural Gas – 25% Nuclear – 19% Petroleum – 1% Biomass 3% Geothermal 0.3%

37. Spins 60 Times a Second in the Americas Most of the World - 50 cycles per second

38. Energy Conversion Thermal Power Plants 1/3 to Electrical Energy 2/3 to Thermal Energy

39. Cogeneration

40. Hydroelectric Power – 4 % Up to 90% Efficient

41. Wind Power - 3 % U.S. Electricity

42. Turbine Efficiency Mechanical to Electrical Energy Average - 20% Perfect Wind Speed – 50%

43. Electric Grid

44. Alexander Volta André-Marie Ampere James Watt

45. Low Amperage

46. Higher Amperage

47. 1 Amp 6.2×10 18 Electrons per second

48. Voltage – Push on Electrons

49. Power = Voltage x Current P = VI Watts = Volts x Amps

50. 500 Watt Hair Dryer 500W = 120V x I I = 500W/110V I = 4.2A

51. Electric Grid Output Voltage - 11- 25kV Power Output 100 - 1,400 MW

52. 7% Conversion into Thermal Energy Step up Voltage 10-30 times will Reduce Current 10-30 times Reduce Current by only 10 times Reduces Thermal Losses by 100

53. Reduce Collisions Reduce Thermal Losses in Power Lines

54. Transformers

55. P = VI MW = (10)V (1/10)I 1/100 Thermal Energy Losses

56. Electric Grid Step Up 10-30 Times to 138KV – 765 KV 11-25 KV

57. Electric Grid

60. 120V and 240V 2400V

61. Electric Grid

63. Switching to Satellite

64. Toast to Burning Coal Energy 102 Final Exam

65. Thermal energy changes water into high pressure steam to turn a turbine and generator at 60 cycles per second.

66. Generator Produces Electrical Energy 11KV – 25 KV

67. To Reduce Thermal Losses Transformers Step Up Voltage 10-30 times Reducing Current 10-30 times

68. High Voltage Transmission Lines

69. Substation Steps Down Voltage and Increases Current

70. Distribution Lines into Neighborhoods Above and Below Ground

71. Once in the Neighborhood Stepped Down to 120V and 240V

72. Transformation from Electrical Energy into Thermal and Radiant Energy

73. Radiant and Chemical Energy Produce Chemical Reaction on Surface of the Bread

74. Final Grade Quintuple or More – A  Money Back  Retake Energy 102

75. Thank You, Energy 102 Instructors!