1. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives The Handle System Persistent, Secure, Reliable Identifier Resolution

2. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives CNRI Handle System Distributed, scalable, secure Enforces unique names Enables association of one or more typed values, e.g., URL, with each name Encourages persistence and transferability of IDs Optimized for speed and reliability Open, well-defined protocol and data model Provides infrastructure for application domains, e.g., digital libraries, electronic publishing...

3. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives Handle System Adoption GRID (Globus Alliance) Library of Congress DTIC (Defense Technical Information Center) IDF (International DOI Foundation) CrossRef (scholarly journal consortium) Enpia (Korean content management technology firm) CDI (U.S. content management technology firm) LON (U.S. learning object technology firm) CAL (Copyright Agency Ltd - Australia) TSO (U.K. publisher & info mgmt service provider) MEDRA (Multilingual European DOI Registration Agency) Nielsen BookData (bibliographic data - ISBN) R.R. Bowker (bibliographic data - ISBN) Office of Publications of the European Community German National Library of Science and Technology (applied) NTIS (National Technical Information Service) DSpace (MIT + HP) Coming up: NASA, ADL, NSDL, misc large corporations

4. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives URL2http://a-books.com/…. DLS9acme/repository HS_ADMIN100acme.admin/jsmith XYZ 1001110011110 12 Handle data Handle Data type Index 10.123/456URL1http://acme.com/…. Handles Resolve to Typed Data

5. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives each of which consists of one or more replicated sites, Site 1Site 2 Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 …... Site n Client is a collection of handle services, The Handle System LHS GHR 123.456/abcURL 4 http://www.acme.com/ http://www.ideal.com/8 URL each of which may have one or more servers. #1#2 #1#2#n#4#3... Handle Resolution

6. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Web Client Handle Administration Client Resolve Handle HTTP Redirect Proxy/ Web Server HTTP Get Handle Data http://hdl.handle.net/123.456/abc Handle Clients

7. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Client Handle Administration Client hdl:123.456/abc Client Plug-In Resolve Handle Request Handle Data Handle Clients

8. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Web Handle Administration Client Web Server HTTP Handle Admin API Admin Forms Handle Clients

9. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Web Handle Administration Client Custom Client Handle Clients

10. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Handle Administration embedded in another process Web Handle Clients

11. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives LHS GHR LHS Handle System Handle Administration embedded in another process Handle Resolution embedded in another process Handle Clients

12. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives Assigned Prefixes (Jun 05) DOI - 1335 Other - 563 Handles DOI - 17.8 M Other - Additional millions (total per prefix known only to prefix manager) Global Core: three service sites (added locations being considered) 10.6 M resolutions Handle System Usage

13. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives Specification RFC 3650: Overview RFC 3651: Namespace and Service Definition RFC 3652: Protocol URI schemes: info:doi - registered under info, info registration pending hdl: and doi: - preferred; indicates dereference-ability urn:hdl: - extra layer, but still possible Management and Standards

14. The Corporation for National Research Initiatives URI Schemes - doi: hdl: Syntax Specification (done, pending internal review) Implementation (done) Wide Distribution (in progress, using basic syntax) Published Standard (in progress)