1. 5.Compare reproductive strategies among animal phyla. 5.1Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction with those of sexual reproduction. 5.2Compare external fertilization with internal fertilization. 5.3Describe fertilization in the earthworm. 5.4Compare the amniotic egg of reptiles and birds with the structures which form in the uterus of a pregnant mammal. 5.5Describe the production of semen in humans. 5.6Describe the human female reproductive cycle from ovulation to either menstruation or implantation. 5.7Trace the major developmental events from implantation of a fertilized egg to the birth of a human baby. 5.8Identify the biofeedback mechanisms which are important in the regulation of the female reproductive cycle. 5.9Describe how the use of the hormones found in birth control pills alters the reproductive cycle. 5.10Discuss the relationship between the diet and health of the mother and the development of the fetus.

2. Reproduction System Reproduction: new life, continuation of the life cycle. Sexual Reproduction: single organism, no sex involved. Vegetative Reproduction: is asexual reproduction in plants ex) spider plant. Fission: Single celled organism splits into 2, cloning ex) amoeba, bacteria, algae.

3. Sexual Reproduction: involves 2 organisms. Fertilization: when one egg and sperm come together. Zygote: a fertilized egg. Budding: asexual reproduction, cloning. Spores: asexual, reproductive cells clone, ex) ferns.

4. Internal vs. External Fertilization

5. Earthworm Reproduction

6. Amniotic Egg Uterus

7. Reproduction of the Chromosome Number in Meiosis Meiosis splits chromosomes in half. Ovary (2N) DiploidTestes (2N) 2N 46 chromosomes meiosis 23 Meiosis 1 egg = 23 chromosomes

8. Crossing-Over in Meiosis Mitosis Meiosis Normal 2N 4N 2N Identical 2N 4N 2N 1N

9. Male Reproductive System Major Structures: Testes, Vas Deferens, Prostate, Penis