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Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All.

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1 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Network Troubleshooting Chapter 20

2 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives Describe appropriate troubleshooting tools and their functions Analyze and discuss the troubleshooting process Tackle a variety of troubleshooting scenarios

3 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Overview

4 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Introduction to network troubleshooting

5 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Three parts to Chapter 20 Troubleshooting tools The troubleshooting process Troubleshooting scenarios

6 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting tools

7 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Hardware tools –Cable tester, TDR, and OTDR –Certifiers –Voltage event recorder/temperature monitor –Protocol analyzer –Cable stripper/snips –Multimeter –Tone probe and tone generator –Butt set –Punchdown tool

8 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Hardware tools (cont.) –Cable testers, TDRs, and OTDRs Devices to test for broken cables –Cable testers »Continuity problems and wire map –TDRs (time domain reflectometers) »Locates copper cable breaks –OTDRs »Locates fiber-optic cable breaks

9 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.1 Typical cable tester

10 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.2 An EXFO AXS-100 OTDR (photo courtesy of EXFO)

11 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Certifiers –Only use for slowdowns, not disconnects –Require a loopback on the far end –Ensure a cable can handle its rated capacity –Problems that reduce cable capacity Crosstalk Attenuation Interference

12 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Voltage event recorder/temperature monitor –Detect power and heat problems –Cause intermittent problems –Heat problems in server rooms –Monitor power with voltage event recorder –Monitor temperature with temperature monitor

13 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Protocol analyzers –Monitor protocols at different layers Application, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link –Both hardware and software tools

14 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. When to use a protocol analyzer –You need to see data to analyze the problem A session fails to start A DNS server fails to respond Confusing information appears on the network You suspect a rogue DHCP server exists Excess traffic is slowing down the network

15 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Cable stripper or snip –Enable you to make UTP cables –Also need crimpers –Often combined in one tool

16 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.3 A cable stripping and crimping tool

17 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Multimeters –Test AC and DC voltage –Test resistance –Test continuity –A great fallback when you do not have a cable tester

18 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tone probes and tone generators –Work together to identify opposite ends of unlabeled cable runs –Tone generator puts a signal (tone) on wire –Tone probe on opposite end detects the signal

19 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Butt sets –Hand set –Use to tap into a 66- or 110-block to test a line

20 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Punchdown tools –Put UTP wires into 66- and 110-blocks –Repunch a connection to make sure contacts are set

21 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.4 A punchdown tool in action

22 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Software tools –Built-in commands and utilities: otracert/traceroute oipconfig/ifconfig oping and arping onslookup/dig ohostname omtr oroute onbtstat onetstat –Packet sniffer –Port scanners

23 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. tracert/traceroute –Traces all routers between two points –Use to discover where a problem lies –Problem is just beyond the last router displayed before error –Some routers block traceroute packets

24 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tracing route to adsl-208-190-121-38.dsl.hstntx.swbell.net [208.190.121.38] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 1 ms <1 ms 1 ms Router.totalhome [192.168.4.1] 2 38 ms 41 ms 70 ms adsl-208-190-121- 38.dsl.hstntx.swbell.net [208.190.121.38] Listing 20-1 Sample traceroute output

25 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ipconfig/ifconfig –Displays IP settings –ipconfig without parameters Basic information only –ipconfig /all gives configuration details

26 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet adapter Main: Connection-specific DNS Suffix. : IPv6 Address.......... : 2001:470:bf88:1:fc2d:aeb2:99d2:e2b4 Temporary IPv6 Address..... : 2001:470:bf88:1:5e4:c1ef:7b30:ddd6 Link-local IPv6 Address..... : fe80::fc2d:aeb2:99d2:e2b4%8 IPv4 Address.......... : 192.168.4.27 Subnet Mask.......... : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway........ : fe80::223:4ff:fe8c:b720%8 192.168.4.1 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 6: Media State.......... : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix. : Listing 20-2 Sample ipconfig output

27 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:02:b3:8a:7d:ae inet addr:192.168.4.19 Bcast:192.168.4.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: 2001:470:bf88:1:202:b3ff:fe8a:7dae/64 Scope:Global inet6 addr: fe80::202:b3ff:fe8a:7dae/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2206320 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:925034 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carriers:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:292522698 (292.5 MB) TX bytes:132985596 (132.9 MB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:15414 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:15414 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1006671 (1.0 MB) TX bytes:1006671 (1.0 MB) Listing 20-3 Sample ifconfig output

28 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ping –Queries by name or IP address –Uses ICMP packets –Works across routers –Problem: devices can block ICMP

29 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Pinging 192.168.4.19 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.4.19: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 Ping statistics for 192.168.4.19: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms Listing 20-4 Sample ping output

30 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. arping –Queries by IP address –Uses ARP frames –Problem: does not cross routers –Only on UNIX and UNIX-like systems

31 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ARPING 192.168.4.27 from 192.168.4.19 eth0 Unicast reply from 192.168.4.27 [00:1D:60:DD:92:C6] 0.875ms Unicast reply from 192.168.4.27 [00:1D:60:DD:92:C6] 0.897ms Unicast reply from 192.168.4.27 [00:1D:60:DD:92:C6] 0.924ms Unicast reply from 192.168.4.27 [00:1D:60:DD:92:C6] 0.977ms Listing 20-5 Sample arping output

32 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. nslookup/dig –Both diagnose DNS problems –nslookup (all operating systems) Poor tool – considered obsolete Without switches, provides name and IP address of default DNS server –dig – more powerful Every OS but Windows

33 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. dig mx totalsem.com ; > DIG 9.5.0-P2 > mx totalsem.com ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 6070 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;totalsem.com. IN MX ;; ANSWER SECTION: totalsem.com. 86400 IN MX 10 mx1c1.megamailservers.com. totalsem.com. 86400 IN MX 100 mx2c1.megamailservers.com. totalsem.com. 86400 IN MX 110 mx3c1.megamailservers.com. Listing 20-6 The dig command Listing 20-7 Output for the dig command

34 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. hostname –Simplest of all utilities –Returns name of host from which it runs –hostname sample output c:\> c:\>hostname Mike-win7beta

35 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. My Traceroute (mtr) –Dynamic (keeps running) –Equivalent to traceroute –Not available in Windows

36 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. My traceroute [v0.73] totaltest (0.0.0.0) Keys: Help Display mode Restart statistics Order of fields quit Packets Pings Host Loss% Snt Last Avg BestWrst StDev 1. Router.totalhome 0.0% 5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.1 2. adsl-208-190-121-38.dsl.hstntx.s 0.0%4 85.7 90.7 69.5 119.2 20.8 Listing 20-9 Sample mtr output

37 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. route –Display and edit local routing table –Type route print

38 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. =========================================================================== Interface List 8...00 1d 60 dd 92 c6...... Marvell 88E8056 PCI-E Ethernet Controller 1........................... Software Loopback Interface 1 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network DestinationNetmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.27 10 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 On-link 192.168.4.27 286 169.254.214.185 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.254.214.185 276 169.254.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 192.168.4.27 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 192.168.4.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 169.254.214.185 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.254.214.185 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.4.27 266 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None Listing 20-10 Sample route print output

39 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. nbtstat –Windows (all versions) only –Command-line equivalent of My Network Places –Must use a switch –nbtstat –n shows local NetBIOS names

40 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Main: Node IpAddress: [192.168.4.27] Scope Id: [] NetBIOS Local Name Table Name Type Status --------------------------------------------- MIKESPC UNIQUE Registered TOTALHOME GROUP Registered MIKESPC UNIQUE Registered TOTALHOME GROUP Registered Listing 20-11 Sample nbtstat output

41 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. netstat –Shows current state of running IP processes –Shows what sessions are active –Provides statistics based on ports or protocols –Type netstat to show only current sessions –Type netstat –r to show routing table (like route print )

42 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Active Connections Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP 127.0.0.1:27015 MikesPC:51090 ESTABLISHED TCP 127.0.0.1:51090 MikesPC:27015 ESTABLISHED TCP 127.0.0.1:52500 MikesPC:52501 ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.4.27:54731 72-165-61-141:27039 CLOSE_WAIT TCP 192.168.4.27:55080 63-246-140-18:http CLOSE_WAIT TCP 192.168.4.27:56126 acd4129913:https ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.4.27:62727 TOTALTEST:ssh ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.4.27:63325 65.54.165.136:https TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.4.27:63968 209.8.115.129:http ESTABLISHED Listing 20-12 Sample netstat output

43 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Packet sniffer –A.k.a. protocol analyzer or packet analyzer –Intercepts and logs network packets –Many choices –Software example: Wireshark –Dedicated hardware devices

44 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.5 Wireshark in action

45 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Port scanners –Probes remote system’s ports –Logs state of scanned ports –Good use: find unintentionally opened ports in order to close –Bad use: find open ports and use to break in –nmap runs on UNIX and Windows –Angry IP Scanner for Windows

46 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.6 Angry IP Scanner

47 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Throughput testers –Enable you to measure the data flow in a network –Which tool to use depends on what part of network you want to test –Several speed-testing Web sites available for checking an Internet connection’s throughput

48 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 20.7 Speed test results from Speakeasy

49 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The troubleshooting process

50 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Memorize these problem analysis steps: Identify the problem –Gather information –Identify symptoms –Question users –Determine if anything has changed Establish a theory of probable cause –Question the obvious

51 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Memorize these problem analysis steps (cont.): Test the theory to determine cause –Once theory is confirmed, determine next steps to resolve problem –If theory is not confirmed, re-establish new theory or escalate Create an action plan and solution identifying potential effects

52 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Memorize these problem analysis steps (cont.): Implement and test the solution and escalate as necessary Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventative measures Document findings, actions, and outcomes

53 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting scenarios

54 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting scenario one –“I can’t log in!” Biggest and most complex scenario Log in from other machines Attempt to log in yourself and try to ping Use ipconfig or ifconfig

55 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting scenario two –“I can’t get to this Web site!” Have user try to reach another Web site Try to ping the site by name and IP address Determine whether DNS is functioning Ping the gateway or proxy server Ping other sites If other sites reachable, notify problem site owner If no sites available, notify your ISP

56 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting scenario three –“Our Web server is sluggish!” Connect from another location If connection is also slow, problem with server Check server logs for changes Run Performance Monitor and compare new logs with previously established baseline logs If connection from other location OK, run tracert command from user’s computer to reveal slow hop

57 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting scenario four –“I can’t see anything on the network!” Check connectivity Ping a remote system Ping loopback address –If error, run ipconfig /all and fix settings –If no error, check hardware »Run utility on NIC »Test cable

58 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. It’s time to escalate! –Broadcast storms –Switching (bridging) loops –Route problems –Routing loops –Proxy ARP

59 Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting is fun! –Apply good troubleshooting methodology –Constantly increase your knowledge –Become a troubleshooting artist

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