1. Introduction to R&P Company and the TEOM® Series 1400a Continuous PM Monitor
Tim Morphy
Rupprecht & Patashnick Co., Inc.
25 Corporate Circle
Albany, NY USA ph

2. Ambient Air Monitoring Products

3. TEOM® Mass Transducer (1)
Tapered element oscillates at its natural frequency (simple harmonic oscillator).
Particulate matter collects on filter continuously.
Frequency decreases with accumulation of mass.
Direct relationship between mass and frequency change:
Tapered element physical characteristics (material, configuration, housing) chosen so mass sensor calibration constant (K0) has insignificant response to temperature. (For example, the change in K0 for a TEOM monitor operating at 30 °C and 50 °C is less than 1%.)
Tapered Element

4. TEOM® Mass Transducer (2)
Equation describing tapered element is derived from physical law. Not an approximation. Approach similar to laboratory microbalance in that mass detected by sensor is result of measurement of change in fundamental physical parameter (e.g., frequency, strain, displacement)
Tapered element typically kept in constant elevated temperature (user-selectable) environment to
Minimize water interference from both sample air- moisture content and particle-associated water
Provide high stability for real-time measurement
Tapered Element

5. R&P Commercial Products Using The TEOM® Mass Sensor
TEOM® Series 1105
Diesel Particulate Monitor
TEOM® Series 4100/4200 Combustion Efficiency Monitor
TEOM® Series 1400 Ambient PM Monitor
TEOM® Series 7000
Source PM Monitor
TEOM® Series 1500
Pulse Mass Analyzer

6. TEOM® Series 1400a Ambient Continuous Particulate Monitor
Direct, continuous technique for true filter-based mass measurement
Superior time and mass resolution and precision (hourly precision: ±1.5 µg/m³)
Accepted standard for particulate monitoring worldwide (regulatory, research, remediation, special studies)
USEPA Equivalent Method EQPM for PM10, CAC for PM2.5
Australian Standard, JIS (Japan), Taiwan, German TUV
USEPA Fine Methods Study, ETV
Over 4000 instruments deployed worldwide in major air quality networks

7. TEOM® Sensor Unit Three independent temperature control zones
Amplifier board maintains tapered element oscillation
TEOM filter is Teflon®-coated glass, 12 mm Æ
10 m cable set to control unit
Pivoting mass transducer allows easy filter exchange
Sensor Unit with Door Open

8. Filter Exchange
Insertion
Removal

9. Quality Assurance/ Quality Control
Mass calibration check by first principles
Mass Calibration Verification Kit (NIST traceable)
Leak check procedure
Straight-forward, quick and easy using supplied flow audit adapter
Sensor checks
StreamlineTM Pro MultiCal for field temperature, pressure, and flow audits and calibrations (NIST traceable)
TEOM monitor is only filter-based continuous PM monitor that provides NIST-traceable mass and flow measurement methods

10. Mass Calibration Verification Kit
Available in 1-filter (standard) and 5-filter versions

11. TEOM Leak Check Remove sample inlet, and attach flow audit adapter
To TEOM Control Unit
To TEOM Sensor Unit

12. StreamlineTM Pro MultiCal System
Audit / Calibration
StreamlineTM Pro MultiCal System
Simultaneous NIST-Traceable, Linear Measurement of:
Flow Rate (0.8 to 19 l/min)
Ambient Temperature
Ambient Pressure
Filter Temperature (optional)
Menu-Driven interface, Data Logging (Internal and/or Optional PC-based)
Optional External Temperature Probe for Filter Temperature Audits/Calibrations

13. Goals for PM Quantification Continuous PM Monitoring in Air Quality Networks
Match time-integrated reference (FRM) technique
Provide representative short-term data in combination with meteorological data to determine source of PM episodes, AQI reporting, mapping, and for abatement strategy development
Minimize cross-interference by humidity, thermodynamic conditions, chemical composition
Measurement methods that are NIST-traceable

14. Status of TEOM® Monitor
Major air monitoring networks
France, United Kingdom, Canada, United States (PM10 and PM2.5), Mainland China, Hong Kong, Australia, Santiago, Mexico City, Madrid, Stockholm, Brussels, Vancouver
Worldwide market share approximately 40-50% of all PM continuous monitors. Data availability often greater than 95% (UK AURN: 97+ %).
Approximately 75% of continuous monitors in US regulatory monitoring network
Continuing scientific advancement of PM measurements using TEOM technology

15. History of Continuous PM Monitoring at R&P
TEOM Series 1200 Ambient Particulate Monitor
TEOM Series 1400a Ambient Particulate Monitor
TEOM Series 1400a Ambient Particulate Monitor operated at 30 °C for wintertime measurements of lighter volatiles

16. History (cont.)
TEOM Series 1400a Ambient Particulate Monitor with Sample Equilibration System (SES) operated at 30 °C year-around (even at higher ambient temperature and relative humidity)
Differential TEOM Monitor to provide an exacting measurement of the ambient PM mass in the atmosphere
Filter Dynamics Measurement System (Series 8500 FDMS) to measure the combined volatile and non-volatile components of PM

17. Differential TEOM Monitor
Filter-based
True NIST traceable mass measurement
No calibration uncertainty
No measurement uncertainty from volatile loss
No measurement uncertainty from filter artifacts (gas adsorption/desorption, etc.)
Real time

18. FDMS Schematic Derivative of Differential TEOM Monitor
Quantifies combined volatile and non-volatile components of PM mass concentration
Incorporates TEOM mass sensor technology and specially-configured Nafion dryer
Provides determination of volatile mass using self-referencing gas conditioning scheme

19. FDMS Field Data Claremont, CA, Test Site, 2-3 Nov 2001

20. Comparison with Reference Method PM2.5 Series 8500 FDMS System
Source: California Air Resources Board

21. Applications of Continuous PM Monitors
Provide continuous daily integrated “FRM”-like measurements
Provide representative one-hour PM measurements for public reporting (air quality index, mapping, forecasting) and health effects studies
Reduce labor and other costs associated with manual sampling methodologies

22. Where Does This Lead?
Challenge: identify continuous PM monitoring method that provides “FRM”-like integrated results that can be used for regulatory purposes while providing meaningful, high-precision short-term (i.e., hourly) data
Requires blending of regulatory and scientific needs

23. Forward Looking Statement
R&P is committed to solving PM measurement issues to enable continuous monitoring in areas containing particulate nitrate and volatile organic compounds
Instrumentation is based on first principles to provide calibration based on scientific considerations (not empirically-derived calibration factors) for universal measurement consistency from site to site

24. Company Competencies Responsive, customer-oriented philosophy
Meeting the needs of clients, technical support staff
ISO 9001 certified, CE/ETL marks
Consistency of internal procedures
Innovative design capabilities
Scientists, mechanical & electrical engineers, designers
In touch with scientific directions
Scientific meetings, contact with opinion leaders

25. Technical Support Distributor/representative network
R&P Regional Company Representatives
Customer area of WWW site
(password protected)
Technical documentation
Operating & service manuals, quick start guides, tech notes
R&P service department
Product specialists, on-site and in-house training

26. Company Overview
Over 100 employees, including strong in-house design, engineering capabilities, technical application support
First in industry with ISO 9001 certification
Manufacture both manual samplers (such as Partisol) and continuous on-line monitors for ambient, stack, diesel and research applications
Committed to superior product performance by design, and industry-leading service and support *

27. Company Milestones
Contract with NASA for development of space-based mass measurement system
Introduction of TEOM® monitor for ambient air quality measurements in late 1980’s
Partisol manual samplers used in USEPA national sampling network for PM2.5
Introduction of advanced PM speciation sampling and continuous monitoring systems

28. R&P Website (www.rpco.com)

29. R&P Website (www.rpco.com)

30. R&P Website (www.rpco.com)

31. R&P Website (www.rpco.com)

32. R&P Contact Information
Michael B. Meyer – Director, Marketing & Technical Services / Senior Scientist -
Tim Morphy – Product Manager (Startup Training Coordinator) -
Debbie Bowe – Service Department Manager -
Cynthia Liu – Product Manager (Chemical Speciation Samplers) -
Ed Burgher – Product Manager (Stationary Source) -
Bob Anderson – Product Manager (Mobile Source) -