1. The Greek Mind Chapter 5 section 2

2. The Greeks believed that that the human mind was capable of understanding everything

3. This belief led to the philosophy movement Philosophers are thinkers that produced new ideas about science, history, political science, biology, and logic (reasoning) Pythagoras

4. The Sophists The Sophists were a group of philosophers that rejected the belief that gods and goddesses influenced human behaviorThe Sophists were a group of philosophers that rejected the belief that gods and goddesses influenced human behavior They traveled around as teachers, but many gathered in AthensThey traveled around as teachers, but many gathered in Athens

5. Sophists also did not believe in absolute moral and legal standards- grey areasSophists also did not believe in absolute moral and legal standards- grey areas They believed that “man is the measure of all things” and that truth is different for each individualThey believed that “man is the measure of all things” and that truth is different for each individual

6. Many Sophists taught young men the art of rhetoric, public speaking and debate

7. Socrates Anti- SophistAnti- Sophist He believed in absolute truth rather than relative truthHe believed in absolute truth rather than relative truth Originally a sculptor by trade, but he spent most of his time teachingOriginally a sculptor by trade, but he spent most of his time teaching

8. Socrates did not teach rhetoric. He was interested in the process of individual thought. This became what is called “Socratic Method”

9. Socratic Method is theSocratic Method is the basis of the study of logic basis of the study of logic as a science. as a science. He would pose questions to his students and then oppose their answers with logical arguments. This forced students to defend their statements and to clarify their thinkingHe would pose questions to his students and then oppose their answers with logical arguments. This forced students to defend their statements and to clarify their thinking

10. In 399 BC, Socrates was accused of corrupting the young and of not worshipping the gods worshipped by the state.In 399 BC, Socrates was accused of corrupting the young and of not worshipping the gods worshipped by the state. He was sentenced to deathHe was sentenced to death

11. Plato was a pupil of SocratesPlato was a pupil of Socrates After Socrates’ death, Plato became a teacher and opened his AcademyAfter Socrates’ death, Plato became a teacher and opened his Academy Plato was the only man to record Socrates’ dialoguesPlato was the only man to record Socrates’ dialogues

12. Plato preferred Sparta to AthensPlato preferred Sparta to Athens He thought that the state was more important than the individualHe thought that the state was more important than the individual He also thought that too much freedom= chaosHe also thought that too much freedom= chaos