1. Agenda Topic Name Time Socialization Insider-Outsider Passage
Ahmed Abdel Tawab
10’
Orientation
Employee Handbook
Importance of Employee Training
Dalia Nayel
15’
Training
Training Evolution
Tarek El-Rayes
Organizational Development
Learning Organization
Mahmoud El-Masry
Training Methods
Int’l Training and Development
Rasha Salama

2. Introduction
Socialization, Orientation, Training and Developing employees are four words which refers to a process of helping new employees adapt to their organizations and work responsibilities and become fully productive

3. Outsider – Insider Passage
Socialization, or “on boarding” is a process of adaptation to a new work role
Assumptions of employee socialization:
Organizational stability
Socialization strongly influences it
Increases through socialization
New members suffer from anxiety
Socialization does not occur in a vacuum
Individuals adjust to new situations in remarkably similar ways

4. Outsider – Insider Passage
The socialization process:
Prearrival Individuals arrive with a set of values, attitudes, and expectations developed from previous experience and the selection process.
Encounter Individuals discover how well their expectations match realities within the organization. Where differences exist, socialization occurs to imbue the employee with the organization’s standards.
Metamorphosis Individuals have adapted to the organization, feel accepted, and know what is expected of them.

5. The Purpose of New-Employee Orientation
Orientation is the activities that introduce new employees to the organization and their work units
Orientation may be done by the supervisor, the HRM staff or some combination.
Formal or informal, depending on the size of the organization.
Covers such things as:
The organization’s objectives
History
Philosophy
Procedures
Rules
HRM policies and benefits
Fellow employees

6. Learning the organization’s culture
Culture includes long-standing, often unwritten rules about what is appropriate behavior.
Socialized employees know how things are done, what matters, and which behaviors and perspectives are acceptable.

7. The CEO’s and HRM’s Role in Orientation
CEOs can
1. welcome employees
2. provide a vision for the company
3. introduce company culture
4. convey that the company cares about employees
5. allay some new employee anxieties
HR has a dual role in orientation.
Coordinating Role: HRM instructs new employees when and where to
report; provides information about benefits choices.
Participant Role: HRM offers its assistance for future employee needs
(career guidance, training, etc.).

8. Employee Handbook HR’s permanent reference guide:
the employee handbook
a central source for teaching employees company mission
history, policies, benefits, culture
employers must watch wording and include a disclaimer
to avoid implied contracts

9. Employee Training
Jobs in today’s Dynamic Organization’s have become more complex.
The importance of employee education has increased.
Example: Nearly three-quarter of airline crashes are caused of human error.

10. Employee Training
Employee Training: present-oriented training that focuses on individual’s current jobs.
Relative permanent change in employees that improves job performance.
Training involves changing skills, knowledge, attitudes or behaviour.
Managers, possibly with HRM assistance decide when and what training employees need.

11. Employee Training Employee Training:
Training enhances skills and abilities needed to immediate perform their jobs.
Employee Development:
Development focuses on more skills and knowledge for future career progress.

12. Employee Training
What deficiencies, if any do incumbents have in the skills, knowledge, or abilities required to exhibit the necessary job behaviours?
Is there a need for Training?
What are the Organization’s Goals?
What Tasks should be accomplished to achieve Goals?
What Behaviours are necessary for each job incumbent to complete his or her arranged tasks?

13. Employee Training On-the-job Training Methods Job Rotation
Apprenticeships
Internships
Off-the-job Training Methods
Classroom Lectures
Multimedia Learning
Vestibule Training

14. Organizational Development
Occurs when organizations engage in systematic assessments of themselves and their environment to achieve goals more effectively
OD can be defined as change that increases organizational effectiveness across entire organization

15. Organizational Development
Occurs when organizations engage in systematic assessments of themselves and their environment to achieve goals more effectively
OD can be defined as change that increases organizational effectiveness across entire organization

16. Change Process Viewpoints
The Calm Waters Metaphor
Symbolizes a break in the organization’s equilibrium state
Unfreezing the status quo
Changing to a new state
Refreezing to make the change permanent

17. Change Process Viewpoints
The Calm Waters Metaphor
Symbolizes a break in the organization’s equilibrium state
Unfreezing the status quo
Changing to a new state
Refreezing to make the change permanent

18. Change Process Viewpoints
White-water Rapids Metaphor
Lack of environmental stability and predictability
Requires managers and organizations continually adapt (manage change actively) to survive

19. Evaluation
Formal evaluation: uses observation, interviews, and surveys to monitor training while its going on.
Summative evaluation: measures results when training is complete in five ways:
1. Reaction
2. Knowledge
3. Behavior
4. Attitudes
5.Productivity

20. Evaluating Training & Development Effectiveness
Did the training correct the deficiencies assesed as needing attention?
Training effort is achieving its goals.
Benefits gained must overweigh the cost of learning experience.
How will we determine if a training program is effective?

21. Evaluating Training Return on Investment Method
Kirkpatrick’s Model Approach
Used when output can be measured in figures.
Example: cost increase/decrease, sales production, revenue…etc
Dividing the benefit of the training by the training expenses.
Used for skills that are hard to quantify.
Better communication skills, learning a language, attitudes &behaviors..etc
Four- level approach, measuring the following

22. Kirkpatrick’s Model Approach
Level 1
The reactions of trainees towards the training.
Level 2
How much the participants learned.
Level 3
Whether the training actually changed the trainees behavior.
Level 4
Whether the training benefited the employer or not.

23. Evaluating Training Trainees Opinions
Another general approach is to simply ask the employees for their opinion!!
Positive comments Favorable Evaluation
Negative comments Should be Eliminated
However it’s the least valid being influenced by other factors

24. Performance-Based Evaluation Measures
1. Post –Training performance Model
2. Pre-Post – Training performance Method.
3. Pre-Post-Training Performance Method with control group Method.

25. 1- Post –Training performance Model
Based on how well employees can perform their jobs after training.
A follow up to be made after a certain period of time to see whether techniques addressed in the program are used or not.

26. 2- Pre-Post – Training performance Method
Based on the difference in performance before and after training.
Each participant is evaluated prior to training and reevaluated after.
It deals directly with the job behavior.

27. 3- Pre-Post-Training Performance Method with control group Method.
Comparing pre- and post-training results with individuals.
2 groups are evaluated on actual job performance by a control group& reevaluated at the conclusion of training.

28. International Training
Cross-Cultural Training for Expatriates:
When expatriate arrives in new locations, they are the foreigners.
- Cultural background, history, politics..etc
Language Training.
Communicating in the local language makes a good impression & life much easier

29. Development Issues
Overseas assignment should be a part of a development programs;
Advantages:
Return with broader experiences.
Acquire greater flexibility
Do things differently
Disadvantages:
When returned largely ignored & may quit.
Others become reluctant to overseas posts.
Extremely costly for the company.

30. Thanks