1. Printing: This poster is 48” wide by 36” high. It’s designed to be printed on a large-format printer. Customizing the Content: The placeholders in this poster are formatted for you. Type in the placeholders to add text, or click an icon to add a table, chart, SmartArt graphic, picture or multimedia file. To add or remove bullet points from text, just click the Bullets button on the Home tab. If you need more placeholders for titles, content or body text, just make a copy of what you need and drag it into place. PowerPoint’s Smart Guides will help you align it with everything else. Want to use your own pictures instead of ours? No problem! Just right-click a picture and choose Change Picture. Maintain the proportion of pictures as you resize by dragging a corner. EXISTING OTOSCOPES Figure 1. The Welch Allyn otoscope costs approximately $200 (left) while Dr. Mom’s costs approximately $50 (right) REQUIREMENTS CONCLUSIONS Inexpensive - The primary goal of this project is to design a more affordable otoscope Self-Contained Operation – The otoscope must be operated without any external sources of electricity Appropriate Lighting and Magnification – The otoscope must provide adequate viewing of the tympanic membrane so that otitis media can be properly diagnosed Easily Sanitized - The otoscope must be easy to sanitize and reuse so all patients may be safely examined Durability - The long-term reliability of all components of the otoscope must be considered Our LED otoscope can be used to effectively diagnose otitis media, is more affordable then otoscopes available on the market, and fulfills all of the customer requirements. INTRODUCTION FINAL DESIGN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Background: Otitis media, also known as an ear infection, affects 11% of the population in some developing countries An otoscope is a medical device used to inspect and diagnose otitis media Problem Statement: Many developing countries have inconsistent power supplies and insufficient medical funding to utilize and afford an otoscope Goal: To develop an LED-based, inexpensive, and self- contained otoscope that can effectively diagnose otitis media Inexpensive LED-Based Otoscope Brooks, Andrew; Chiu, Michael; Winnewisser, Scott Advisor: Professor David Laiho Sponsor: Dr. Lily Laiho CRANK-POWERED MECHANISM SPECULA 3-LED RING AND LENS Figure 2. Final design of our otoscope Figure 6. SolidWorks model of the otoscope Figure 3. Acrylic LED ring with glass lens Figure 4. Crank-powered flashlight Figure 5. Silicone mold (left) and polyurethane plastic specula (right) The 3-LED ring and 5x magnification glass lens provide comparable brightness and viewing to Dr. Mom’s otoscope Manufacturing Process: Laser-cut the ring from acrylic plastic Utilized a mill to cut angled holes for the LEDs TEST RESULTS Impact Resistance: Our otoscope frame remained intact after dropping it ten times from 7 ft. above a concrete floor Brightness: Our otoscope was charged for 15 seconds A lux meter was used to measure the brightness for 30 seconds Visibility: Dr. Slishman verified that our otoscope can adequately view the tympanic membrane Cost: Table II. Total material cost DeviceBrightness Range Dr. Mom (1 AA Battery) 580-597 Lux Our Otoscope (Crank-Powered) 543-614 Lux Table I. Brightness Test Results ComponentCost Crank-Mechanism $6.82 Lens $1.23 LED Ring $0.12 LEDs (3x) $0.66 Resistor$0.03 PVC Head/Body $0.13 Specula$0.07 TOTAL$9.06 The final design incorporates a polyvinyl chloride housing, crank-powered mechanism, LED ring, glass lens, and specula The specula allows for direct illumination of the tympanic membrane The specula can easily be removed and sanitized Manufacturing Process: Utilized rapid prototyping to create a silicone mold Produced a specula using polyurethane plastic With the crank-powered mechanism, the otoscope is self-contained and independent of external electricity Sufficient power for inspecting the eardrum requires only 15 seconds or less of charging Manufacturing Process: Rewired the flashlight to power the LED ring