1. Chapter 1 Children Parenting and You
An overview of what’s to come!

2. LEQ Chapter LEQ’s What are the benefits of studying children?
What are the ideas of the leading theorists in Child Development?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of observation?

3. UNIT VOCABULARY
Child Development
Developmental Task
Environment
Heredity
Interpret

4. Children Learn What They Live
You will be divided into groups. Each group will be given a line of the poem. Your group should discuss what this line means and give two “real life” examples that demonstrate this phrase.
Some one in your group should be nominated as spokesman for the group and share what your group talked about.
You have 5 minutes.

5. Children Learn What They Live
If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If children live with hostility, they learn to fight. If children live with ridicule, they learn to be shy.

6. Children Learn What They Live
If children live with shame, they learn to feel guilty. If children life with encouragement, they learn to be confident. If children live with tolerance, they learn to be patient.

7. Children Learn What They Live
If children live with tolerance, they learn appreciation. If children live with acceptance, they learn to love. If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves.

8. Children Learn What They Live
If children live with honesty, they learn truthfulness. If children live with security, they learn to have faith. If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place to live.

10. Childhood is Important
Brain Development
(five years, development in all areas)
Control Body
Make Connections
(caregiver stimulation and play)

11. Brain Development The brain is 90% of adult capacity by age 5.
The first 3 years are when the wiring of the brain is developed.
Nutrition and the kinds of stimulation the child’s environment provides determine brain development
If a child does not receive stimulation or proper nutrition, their brain is smaller
Use it or lose it (pruning)
Windows of opportunity

12. What are windows of opportunity?
Vision ---within first year
Vocabulary---within the first year
Second language---beginning at 1 year
Motor development (movement)---within first year
Music---beginning at age 3
Diggo.com/user/Patricia_Martin

13. Play and Development Children develop through play
They develop in 5 areas
Physical
Social
Emotional
Intellectual (cognitive)
Moral
agame2teach.com
liv.ac.uk
a2zteachersoutlet.com
time.com
carrieanddanielle.com

14. How much do you know?
Jorge’s mother measures his height and that of his brothers. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual (cognitive) Moral Physical Social

15. Try Again!

16. You got it!

17. How much do you know?
Kate and Lwanda play together everyday at their preschool. Sometimes they let Tricia join in. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

18. How much do you know?
In kindergarten, children learn the letters of the alphabet and numbers from This is an example of what t type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

19. How much do you know?
When his parents divorced, Rick began to withdraw from other people and to write in his diary every night. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

20. How much do you know?
Tran had difficulty riding a bicycle when he was seven, but by his eighth birthday he was able to pedal, steer, and brake. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

21. How much do you know?
After John took a block, Ernesto objected, saying “That’s not fair? It’s not your turn.” This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

22. How much do you know?
Annie could read by the time she was five, but Evan didn’t start reading until he was six. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

23. How much do you know?
Chan seemed to wake up happy every day. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

24. One more try…
Though she is only four years old, Amy brushes her teeth after every meal. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

25. Is Play Really That Important?
For children, play is essential.
They learn a lot from playing.
Children need to play in order to learn.
All areas of development are enhanced by play.
Let’s think about what children can learn from play.

26. Be prepared to share with the class.
Let’s Play a Game
In small groups, choose an activity or game that you and everyone in your group enjoyed playing as a child.
When you have agreed, write it on the board. If someone already choose your activity/game, you need to pick again.
Come up with at least 2 ways a child develops in each of the areas of development.
Be prepared to share with the class.
YOU HAVE 8 MINUNTES!

27. There are 5 characteristics of development…
Development is similar for everyone
Development builds on earlier learning
Development proceeds at an individual rate
Different areas of development are interrelated
Development is continuous throughout life

28. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?
In school, Michael did poorly on test and was seldom able to answer the teacher’s questions. Other children teased him and called him names. As a result, he was shy and had little self confidence. Since he has started wearing glasses, he has been seeing the chalkboard better and doing better in school. He feels better about himself and is now getting along better with other children.
Interrelated

29. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?
Josh and Nicole are cousins. Although Josh is tow months older, Nicole began to sit and stand at about the same time as he did.
murals-and-ore.com
Earlier learning

30. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?
Dana and her family spent the summer visiting relatives in Toronto. Dana helped the parents by watching Michelle and Brian, who were both two year olds. She noticed that both children could run fairly well, stand on one foot, and climb stairs. They both enjoyed playing with sand and like finger painting.
wondercliparts.com
Similar for everyone

31. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?
Jessica is an active three year old. Lately, she has started choosing her clothes each morning, Her parents are amazed at her eagerness to learn new things---it seems like she never stops wanting to learn.
babybirdproductions.com
Continuous

32. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?
Luke is helping his younger brother Andy learn the alphabet. Andy seems to be catching on very quickly. Yesterday, he called out some of the letters on a store sign as he and Luke walked down the street. Luke knows that soon Andy will be able to point out a few simple words and not long after that he’ll be reading sentences.
All of them

33. Understanding Childhood
Development occurs rapidly in children
Infants are completely dependent
1 yr olds are starting to do a few things on their own
2 yr olds want to have more independence
3-5 yr olds continue to push the limits and test independence
Children need to experience increased independence with age

34. Partner Activity Brainstorm with your partner:
What are the elements for a happy childhood?
What can parents do to make childhood more happy for their child?
What can caregivers/family members do to make childhood more happy?
Decide who will share your information.
You have 5 minutes

35. How has childhood changed through the years?
Children were not really taken seriously or understood until about the 1930’s. As time has gone on, the role of childhood has been recognized as very different and a very important part of development.
Let’s look at the differences between children in the late 1800’s and the 2000’s.

36. Work 1800’s 2000’s Begin working a young age
No pay for work
Everyone in family expected to help
Farm work was most common
Education and play were not valued
Start working at 14 (limited hours)
Need work permit
Paid minimum wage
Work restrictions
Limited responsibilities
More options available

37. Play 1800’s 2000’s Young children have assigned times for play
Electronics
Need for constant movement/action
Toys are much more sophisticated and educational
Not a lot of time to play (not important)
Toys were homemade
Wooden toys for boys
Cloth toys for girls

38. Education 1800’s 2000’s Required to attend
Divided by grade
Many choices of curriculum
Standardized test
Success and graduation is expected of all
Technology aids in learning
Attendance was not mandatory
One room
Same thing taught every year
Usually associated with church
Most did not get past grade 5

39. Health 1800’s 2000’s No immunizations Many illnesses No medicine
Limited access to doctors (travelled around)
Many children died at an early age
Average life span 40-50
Required immunizations
Medicines for many illness
Great medical advances
Health care is available to all
People are living longer
Average life span is 83

40. Dress 2000’s Anything Goes! 1800’s Girls Long dresses Aprons Hats
Long sleeves
Boys
Long pant
Long sleeve shirts
Suspenders
Miniature adults
No washing machines

41. Parental Love
This is one thing that has not changed. Parents have always and continue to want what is best for their children. This has not changed over the ages.

42. Why should we study children?
Children were not really taken seriously until the early 1900’s
They were just small adults
Since that time, children have been studied in a variety of areas like:
Education
Medicine
Nutrition
Psychology

43. Why study children? Understand them Why they do things
Stages of development and behavior
Importance of caregivers
Gain skills
Basic care
Personal skills (responsibility, patience…)
Understand yourself
Childhood shapes you and you mature
Build for the future
Careers
Better skills

44. Biggest Influence in Development
Heredity Environment
sweden.se
thrombate.com

45. Greatest Influence on Development
Think about what is the greatest influence on development. Your choices are:
heredity
environment
combination
Divide into groups who made the same choice
Come up with at least 5 reasons that support your choice. Be prepared to share with the class and be sure everyone in your group contributes.
You have 8 minutes

46. Theories of Development
There are many people out there who have ideas about how development occurs.
Many of them are followed by teachers and schools, some are not.
You can agree or disagree, but you need to have an understanding of each of these theorists

47. Jean Piaget
Video
First to study children scientifically---important
Studied how children learn
Four stages of thinking shape their views of the world
Memory and repetition are key to development
First published at age 10
qcms.org

48. Maria Montessori 1870-1952 Video
Children learn by using their senses (sensory learning)
Children learn be by pursing their interests
Experiences are more important than words
Classroom are individualized for learning
montessorilajolla.com

49. Erik Erikson 1902-1994 Video Personality develops through stages
8 stages (trust vs. mistrust)
Psychological crisis met in positive way—move to next stage
Adults need to be sensitive to child’s needs
famousquotesandauthors.com

50. B. F. Skinner 1904-1990 Positive reinforcement---repeat
Negative reinforcement---stop
Rewards and punishment influence behaviors
Mouse and cheese experiment
180techtips.com

51. Abraham Maslow 1908-1970 Start at bottom and move upward
Cannot move up unless bottom needs are met
Not always an upward movement
Caregivers need to know and meet child’s needs
menwithpens.ca

52. Howard Gardner 1943-present
Eight different types of intelligences or learning styles
Everyone has learning strengths and weaknesses
Theory is very popular and many educators are changing the way they do things
learningtheories.wikispaces.com

53. Life Stages
We will all move through different stages of life from infancy through adulthood.
Each stage contains developmental tasks (challenges we face during each stage)
There are 3 task of adolescence (your stage)
Identity
Independence
Planning for life work

54. Self Esteem and Life Stages
As you move through these stages, you will develop more self esteem (how you feel about yourself)
The more self esteem you have, the greater the ability to move through those tasks
As parents/caregivers, be sure to provide for the needs of your child and help them to feel good about themselves.