1. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 18Complementary and Alternative Medicine

2. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Complementary and alternative medical (CAM) practices in the United States have grown dramatically in the last decade in popularity. The NIH’s National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has launched Time to Talk, an educational campaign to encourage health care providers and their patients to openly discuss the use of CAM. Clinician Reviews, 2008

3. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to Discuss complementary and alternative medicine therapies as classified by the National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Differentiate the concepts of curing and healing Articulate the components of the holistic model of nursing Construct a list of complementary and alternative medicine therapies to treat insomnia, pain, stress and anxiety, depression, and cognitive decline

4. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Learning Objectives (cont.) Understand the roles assumed by the client and holistic nurse during the nursing process Recognize the importance of client education during the practice of holistic nursing and use of complementary and alternative medicine therapies Formulate a set of guidelines to be given to a client receiving complementary and alternative medicine therapy

5. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Holistic Nursing Holistic nursing is based on the philosophy that there is an interrelationship among biological, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of the person. Holistic nursing focuses on searching for patterns and causes of illness, not symptoms; viewing pain and disease as processes that are a part of healing; treating the person as a whole, autonomous client rather than a fragmented, dependent individual; emphasizing the achievement of maximum health and wellness; and equating prevention with wholeness. Holistic nurses practice body–mind, spiritual, energetic, and ethical healing.  American Holistic Nurses Association (AHNA), 2009; Clark, 1999- 2000; Lillis, 2006; Peck, 2008

6. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Most Frequently Used Categories of CAM Domain and Whole Medical Systems

7. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Use of CAM Therapies in the Psychiatric– Mental Health Setting Homeopathy (alternative medical system) Aromatherapy (biologically based practice) Mind–body medicine Manipulative and body-based practices Energy medicine

8. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CAM Use by U.S. Adults

9. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CAM Use by Race/Ethnicity

10. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Indications for Use of Complementary and Alternative Therapy Insomnia – Homeopathy – Aromatherapy Pain Stress and anxiety – Homeopathy – Massage therapy – Therapeutic humor Depression – Homeopathy – Meditation Cognitive decline

11. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Implications for Nursing Adverse reactions Psychiatric manifestations Client education and resources

12. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Key Terms Aromatherapy Cellopathy Complementary and alternative medicine Curing Essential oils Healing Holism Holistic nursing Homeopathic remedies Homeopathy

13. Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Reflection According to the quote at the beginning of the chapter, one in every three persons in the United States uses some form of CAM therapy. Does your nursing program include a course on this topic? If so, how is the application of CAM therapies addressed in the psychiatric–mental health clinical setting? If not, do you feel that the clients are receiving adequate care to help them access their healing potential? Please explain your answer. ?