1. Potential HTS Magnet Projects for MagLab Involvement Mark D. Bird, et al. Director of Magnet Science & Technology Division, NHMFL 1 SC Demo Coils do not require quench protection, reliable technology. SC User Magnets do!

2. 2 Hypersonic Windtunnel (Army) ZeEMANS (SNS) 30 T (1.28 GHz) NMR – MIT – Nat. Inst. Mat. Science, Japan – Commercial Sources – MagLab Other High-Field YBCO Solenoids 55 – 60 DC Outline Proposal Submitted 2012? Discussions Start 2010 2011? ~2010 ? Project

3. Army Hypersonic Windtunnel Goal: – Demonstrate high-field, high-gradient magnet technology suitable for a hypersonic windtunnel (>Mach 8). Partners: – MSE Tech Applications, Inc, Butte Montana: Prime contractor – NHMFL: YBCO Conductor and Coil Technology Development – Sandia National Lab: 1MW electron beam – Princeton University: computational fluid mechanics – Lawrence Livermore National Lab: ultra-high pressure vessels – Oak Ridge National lab: materials development High Pressure Gas Solenoidal Magnets Electron Beam “Heater” Long runs (>1 sec) Clean Air Long Nozzle Life Long runs (>1 sec) Clean Air Long Nozzle Life Funding: – proposal submitted May 2010 – $10M over 5 yrs for YBCO magnet technology

4. ZEEMANS (SNS) SNS Coupled H2 moderator ideal for Zeemans Instrument planned for at last remaining beamline on that moderator: 14A at SNS Fringe field at adjacent beamline constrains sample position to 70 m from the moderator. 4 Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Oak Ridge, TN 25 - 30T 0 MW, YBCO $20M Magnet Proposal to NSF July 2009 $40M Beamline Proposal to DOE Feb 2010 YBCO Insert: – 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet. – Plan to use same technology. – More advanced technology might be required. – 7-yr project starting 2011 or later 1.7 m

5. 30 T NMR: Iwasa @ Francis Bitter Lab, MIT Funding: 3-Phase program from NIH Schedule: YearPhaseGoalLTS MHzHTS MHzMaterial 200025 T (1.07 GHz) NMR 2000 - 2002I350 MHz (8.2 T)30050Bi-2223 2002 – 2007II700 MHz (16.4 T600100Bi-2223 200725 T 30 T NMR 2008 – 2012IIIa1100 MHz (25.8 T)500600Bi-2223 & YBCO 2012 - ?IIIb1300 MHz (30.5 T)700*600Same coils *LTS Outsert = 16.4 T, 236 mm, 4.2 K NMR Quality: Resistive joints. Shielding currents high. Stability low. Homogeneity low. Do Phases I-IIIa test high-strain operation of coils, joints, etc?

6. 30 T NMR: Iwasa Status for 1.1 GHz – 500 MHz LTS outsert exists @ FBNML – Outer HTS coil = Bi2223 Tape delivered Most of double-pancakes wound Stainless Steel co-wound reinforcing strip, no insulation Tests of double-pancakes w/o insulation show higher Ic than w/ insulation – Inner HTS coil = YBCO Tape delivered ~5 double-pancakes wound Cu co-wound stabilizer w/ ceramic insulation Concern about winding and performance of YBCO coils

7. Nat. Inst. for Materials Science, Tsukuba, JA Presently 950 MHz available 2009 demonstrated 500 MHz LTS/Bi-2223 driven system with similar spectrum as 500 MHz persistent LTS magnet. 1.03 GHz (24.2 T) project underway (Bi-2223) – Coil constructed w/ 5 grades of Bi-2223. – Will replace innermost Nb 3 Sn coil of existing 920 MHz. – Bi, Nb 3 Sn, NbTi coils all in series. – New magnet to provide 1.03 GHz in 2010 fiscal yr. 1.3 GHz (30.5 T) project (YBCO) – 2010 Applied Superconductivity Conf De-lamination of YBCO impregnated coils, Screening currents (3) No schedule presented – 2009 Magnet Technology Conf. Design of 1.3 GHz magnet YBCO screening currents (2) – 2008 Applied SC Conf 30 T YBCO magnet Persistent 500 MHz Bi-2223 500 MHz Kiyoshi, et al., IEEE Trans on Appl. Supercond. 20, 3, pp 714 - 717

8. ~30 T NMR: Commercial Agilent (Varian, Magnex) – No public plans for ~30 T NMR – Paul Noonan (Principal Engineer Magnet Tech) recruited from Oxford Instruments – Expressed interest in partnering w/ MagLab – Funding? Japan, Inc. – NIMS Partnering w/, Kobe Steel, Japan Superconductor Tech, Jeol Ltd for 1.03 GHz Is it profitable? What level of homogeneity & stability required? Which conductor? What other technologies required? Can we copy the national Labs? Bruker – 1 GHz (23.5 T, 54 mm, $16.3M) delivered w/ Nb 3 Sn – Building YBCO tape manufacturing line, complete 2011? – 1.2 GHz (28.1 T) NMR: 2 Orders placed by Helmholtz Foundation? >5 yrs for first system? – Partner: Karlsruhe Inst. of Techn./Institute for Technical Physics Funded by the German government Exclusive licenses to and access by Bruker.

9. 30 T NMR: MagLab YBCO appears to be best conductor for 30 T NMR All work for 32 T will directly benefit 30 T NMR What level of uniformity & stability is required? How do we attain them? Visiting scientist recently hired to focus on 30 T NMR. Should we buy 20 T, 78 mm cold bore magnet from Oxford Instruments? (Previously used by OI to test Bi-2212 coils.) Should we partner w/ commercial suppliers?

10. Other Potential High-Field YBCO Solenoids Muon Collider – 40 - 50 T dc magnet for muon cooling – Collider to be located @ Fermi – Particle Beams Ltd & Brookhaven National Lab developing 2 nested YBCO coils, ~10 T each. MagLab will be involved in testing BNL coils, possibly involved in design & construction. Plan to use co-wound steel tape re-inforcement, no insulation. These are demonstration coils to be tested in 20 T background field. Not intended to be reliable user facility. – Muons Inc, FermiLab, CERN & others 15 SBIR’s to date 25 T Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage – BNL won award for high-field YBCO SMES Korean Basic Sciences Institute wants high-field magnets Taiwan wants High Field Lab

11. COHMAG 60 T HYBRID: Another need for Materials Development Existing 45T Hybrid @ NHMFL 30 MW Power Dissipation Seitz-Richardson estimate of $20M, $15M Actual 55T Hybrid Concept for NHMFL Cable-in-Conduit Florida- Bitter 56 MW dc power ~2 m Cable- in- Conduit Florida -Bitter 40% of the power is dissipated in the outermost resistive coil. 25 T, 400 mm radius, ~50 A/mm 2. NHMFL Materials Development to include HTS Cables for 60T Hybrid This slide shows objectives for distant future, unchanged since 2006. Can a 60 T superconducting magnet be built?

12. Supported by: ~2m 60T Long Pulse 1998 900-MHz Ultra- Wide Bore 2004 75T, ~10ms, 2004 150T +, ~3  s, 2005 Florida-Bitter Magnets 1995 45T Hybrid 1999 25 T HTS 2003 200 mm Thank You!

13. Other Scattering Magnets Advanced Photon Source, ANL, Chicago Institute Laue Langevin & European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France National Superconducting Light Source II, BNL, NY Etc. Numerous labs want >17 T magnets suitable for x- ray or neutron scattering. How productive is 25 T hybrid for Berlin? Can magnets > 25 T be all-superconducting?

14. Test Section Heated Gas Nozzle Test Section Nozzle Aerodynamic Window Electron Beam “Heater” Solenoidal Magnets Mariah Concept E-Beam Supersonic Thermal Energy Addition Conventionally Heated Wind Tunnel Short runs (msec) Flow contamination & dissociation Short Nozzle Life Short runs (msec) Flow contamination & dissociation Short Nozzle Life Long runs (>1 sec) Clean Air Long Nozzle Life Long runs (>1 sec) Clean Air Long Nozzle Life High Pressure Gas Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Concepts

15. 15 TODAY: Robust Worldwide Effort in High B c Magnets: Andong Nat. Univ., Korea BPSU Bruker Scientific, Germany CEP, Japan CERN, Switzerland CMSE, China Cryogenic Ltd, England CTSVFS DIT-MKT, Japan DOE-HEP, USA DMSE ENEA, Italy FBML, USA FK, Germany GSE, Japan HFLSM, Japan Ibaraki University, Japan IEE-CAS, China ISTEC-SRL, Japan ITER ORG, France KAIST, Japan KBSI, Korea KERI, Korea Kyoto Univ., Japan NCPU, China NHMFL, USA NIMS, Tsukuba, Japan Oxford Instruments, England RIAS-SKT, Japan SEEE SEI, Japan SJTU, China Sophia Univ., Japan SRL, Japan SSBC, Japan SuperPower, USA Univ. of Tokyo, Japan YNU, Japan Brief scan of program for 21 st International Conference on Magnet Technology, Oct 2009, Hefei, China

16. High B c Magnets 1986 - 2006 1986: discovery of High T c (High B c ) materials 1992 – 1997: Numerous labs worldwide develop 1 T ∆B coils. 1999: MagLab 2 nd to complete 3 T ∆B coil. 2003: MagLab 1 st to complete 5 T ∆B coil (25 T total). 2005: COHMAG urges development of – 30 T (1.28 GHz) NMR magnet (pg. 75). – Scattering magnets for neutrons & x-rays (pp. 70-74) – 60 T DC (pg. 75). 2006: YBCO 2G tape from Superpower High Bc Materials <12 T NbTi <24 T Nb 3 Sn Bruker 1 GHz →→ ~25 T Bi-2223 NIMS, Japan MIT >30 T YBCO Tape MagLab, MIT, NIMS Bi-2212 Round? Oxford Instr. →

17. High B c Publications 1992 - 2010 # of Papers Presented at International Magnet Technology Conference 1 T ΔB3 T ΔB5 T ΔB 2G YBCO tape 7 T ΔB Presently ~40 organizations worldwide working on High B c magnets! # of Papers Year

18. 18 HTS insert coil trends year B A +B HTS =B total [T] J ave [A/mm 2 ] Stress [MPa] J e xB A xR max 2003 2008 BSCCO 20+5=25 T (tape) 20+2=22 T (wire) 31+1=31 T (wire) 89 92 80 175 109 89 2007YBCO- SP I 19+7.8=26.8 T259379 2008YBCO-NHMFL I 31+2.8=33.8 T439324 2009YBCO –SP II 20+7.2=27.2211314 2009YBCO-NHMFL II 20+0.1= 20.1241~611  163 mm OD  39 mm OD Bi-2212  38 mm OD YBCO SP I 2007  87 mm OD H. Weijers, et al. 1CO-01

19. High B c Coils <12 T NbTi <24 T Nb 3 Sn Bruker 1 GHz → → ~25 T Bi-2223 NIMS, Japan MIT Bi-2212 Round Oxford Instr. >30 T YBCO Tape MagLab, MIT, NIMS, Bruker → SC User Magnets require quench protection, reliable technology, demonstration coils do not. High B c Materials

20. 32 T Magnet Project Goal: – 32 T, 32 mm bore, 500 ppm over 10 mm DSV, 1 hour to full field, dilution refrigerator w/ <20 mK for installation in TLH. Funding: – $2M grant from NSF for LTS coils, cryostat, YBCO tape & other components of magnet system – Core grant for development of necessary technology. – Source of funds for dil fridge not known. Staffing: – >10.3 FTE’s to date in 2010 Key Personnel – Denis Markeiwicz, NHMFL: PI, Magnet Development – David Larbalestier, NHMFL: co-PI, SC Materials – Stephen Julian, Univ of Toronto: co-PI, science YBCO Nb3Sn NbTi

21. 32 T Approach Commercial Supply: – 17 T, 250 mm bore Nb 3 Sn/NbTi “outsert” – cryostat In-House development: – 15 T, 32 mm bore YBCO coils – YBCO tape quality (Larbalestier) – Tape insulation technology (Weijers?) – Coil winding technology (Weijers) – Joint technology (Weijers) Schedule – Outsert purchasing to start early 2011 – Project complete mid-2013 ~20x mass increase YBCO coils for 32 T YBCO coils built to date

22. ZEEMANS Magnet Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Oak Ridge, TN 25 - 30T 0 MW Neutron Scattering Proposals Submitted to NSF & DOE 22 1.7 m Cable-In-Conduit Conductor Outsert: – Nb 3 Sn similar to NHMFL and Berlin + NbTi Shield Coil YBCO Insert: – 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet. – Plan to use same technology. – More advanced technology might be required. Schedule – Conceptual Engineering Design of hybrid magnet funded 2006 – 2009 – 2009 Changed insert from resistive to YBCO – 2009 July: Magnet Construction proposal to NSF – 2010 Feb: Beamline & Detector Construction proposal submitted to DOE – 2018 Project complete Key Personnel – Collin Broholm, Johns Hopkins: PI, Science – Mark Bird, NHMFL: co-PI, magnet system – Garrett Granroth, SNS: co-PI, beamline & instrumentation Budget: $20M request for magnet, little contingency

23. ZEEMANS Location SNS Coupled H2 moderator ideal for Zeemans Instrument planned for at last remaining beamline on that moderator: 14A at SNS Fringe field at adjacent beamline constrains sample position to 70 m from the moderator. POWGEN FNPB HySPEC magne t Utilities water electricity 70m Proposal submitted July 2009 to NSF for construction of 25-30 T all-superconducting magnet. Proposal was submitted Feb 2010 to DOE for infrastructure, beamline & detectors. Funding decision expected 4Q’10 G.E. Granroth, et al., 19 th meeting on Collaboration of Advanced Neutron Sources, Grindelwald, Switzerland, March 8-12 (2010) 23

24. ZEEMANS Magnet Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Oak Ridge, TN 25 - 30T 0 MW Neutron Scattering Proposals Submitted to NSF & DOE 24 1.7 m Cable-In-Conduit Conductor Outsert: – Nb 3 Sn similar to NHMFL and Berlin + NbTi Shield Coil YBCO Insert: – 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet. – Plan to use same technology. – More advanced technology might be required. Schedule – Conceptual Engineering Design of hybrid magnet funded 2006 – 2009 – 2009 Changed insert from resistive to YBCO – 2009 July: Magnet Construction proposal to NSF – 2010 Feb: Beamline & Detector Construction proposal submitted to DOE – 2018 Project complete Key Personnel – Collin Broholm, Johns Hopkins: PI, Science – Mark Bird, NHMFL: co-PI, magnet system – Garrett Granroth, SNS: co-PI, beamline & instrumentation Budget: $20M request for magnet, little contingency