1. Chapter 5: Analytical frameworks

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3. Defining criminal intelligence? ACPO criminal intelligence can be said to be the end product of a process often complex, sometimes physical, and always intellectual, derived from information that has been collated, analyzed and evaluated in order to prevent crime or secure the apprehension of offenders (ACPO 1975: para. 32) IALEIA information compiled, analyzed, and/or disseminated in an effort to anticipate, prevent, or monitor criminal activity (IALEIA 2004: 32)

4. Defining crime analysis? Rachel Boba The systematic study of crime and disorder problems as well as other police-related issues – including socio- demographic, spatial, and temporal factors – to assist the police in criminal apprehension, crime and disorder reduction, crime prevention, and evaluation (Boba 2005: 6) Massachusetts Association of Crime Analysts A discipline of public safety analysis, which provides information support for the missions of law enforcement or criminal justice agencies (web site)

5. Crime intelligence? An term to describe the integration of criminal intelligence analysis and crime analysis Why crime intelligence? Many analysts complete both criminal intelligence and crime analysis tasks on a daily basis The distinction is often redundant outside the US Increasingly, the two disciplines are seen as interdependent

6. Data, information and knowledge From collators to knowledge workers information + analysis = intelligence Good as an initial training tool, but Idealized concept that is not reflected in most analysts work

7. DIKI Continuum Data Data are the observations and measurements we can make about crime Information Information is data with greater relevance and purpose Knowledge Data and information with added context, meaning, a particular interpretation Intelligence Knowledge products can generate understanding, but intelligence products are supposed to generate action

8. DIKI Continuum Data Information Knowledge Intelligence

9. Levels of crime intelligence Tactical Support for front-line areas, investigations and other operational areas in taking case-specific action to achieve enforcement objectives Operational Supporting area commanders and regional operational commanders in planning crime reduction activity and deploying resources to achieve operational objectives Strategic Aiming to provide insight and understanding, and make a contribution to broad strategies, policies and resources Source: Ratcliffe, J.H. (2004) The Structure of Strategic Thinking, in Strategic Thinking in Criminal Intelligence (Sydney: Federation Press), pp. 4-5.

10. Crime intelligence within different agency types

11. NIM levels

12. The intelligence cycle Direction Collation Analysis Dissemination Feedback & review

13. Gills cybernetic model

14. Original NIM outline

15. NIM business model

16. 3-i model Interpret Impact Influence