1. Formal Properties of Music
How tones become music 𝄞 𝄢

2. Formal Properties of Music
Rhythm
Melody
Harmony
Texture
Form
Timbre

3. Rhythm How music is arranged in time, including
duration of notes and silence, meter,
and tempo

4. Meter
Duple
Triple
Time Signature

5. Andante = moderately (walking speed)
Tempo markings
Largo = Very slow
Adagio = slow
Andante = moderately (walking speed)
Allegro = fast
Presto = very fast

6. Syncopation
Syncopation is created when accents occur at unexpected times, on usually unaccented beats, or in between beats.

7. A sequence of musical tones,
Melody
A sequence of musical tones,
or pitches
Conjunct - stepwise, notes relatively close’
in the scale
Disjunct - large leaps between notes

8. Melodies are usually created by combining pitches from a designated scale
Major - brighter, happy, content, heroic
Minor - darker, sad, somber, evil
Key Signature - set of sharps (#) or flats (b) at the beginning of a piece of music

9. one pitch is sounded at the same time
Harmony
Created when more than
one pitch is sounded at the same time
Chords
Chord progressions - musical phrases
Cadence - end of a musical sentence

10. Dynamic markings pp=very soft p = soft mp=medium soft mf=medium loud
f = loud
ff = very loud

11. Texture
Monophonic
Homophonic
Most common
Polyphonic

12. Form Binary - 2 sections AB Ternary - 3 sections ABA
Rondo - repeating section that
alternates with 2 or more contrasting
sections ABACA
Theme & Variations - AA1A2A3

13. What plays or sings the music
Timbre
What plays or sings the music
Instruments
Voices
Other?