2. MEGA-UNIVERSITY

3. 2003 World Summit of Mega-universities 2003 World Summit of Mega-universities Shanghai, China 7-9 November 2003 Mega-universities = Mega-impact on Access, Cost and Quality John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO

4. Master’s in Educational Technology

5. Internship

6. Master’s in Educational Technology Internship THE OPEN UNIVERSITY

7. Master’s in Educational Technology Internship THE OPEN UNIVERSITY “technological devices appropriate to higher education”

8. , Walter Laing Macdonald Perry (Lord Perry of Walton) 1921 – 2003

9. Harold Wilson

10. The University of the Air

11. Harold Wilson The Open University

12. Civil servants: “Do a small pilot project”

13. Civil servants: “Do a small pilot project” Walter Perry: “No” (1. Scale was essential for success 2. Political push was essential for success)

14. The Open University 25,000 students in 1971 40,000 students in 1972 (the UK had 130,000 students in all universities combined in 1963)

15. Master’s in Educational Technology A drop out!

16. Master’s in Educational Technology Dropped back in!

17. Master’s in Educational Technology Graduated (after 25 years!)

19. MEGA-UNIVERSITY

20. …a university whose primary mission is to teach at a distance and which has over 100,000 students simultaneously enrolled in degree-level programmes.

21. THE MEGA-UNIVERSITIES IN 1995 COUNTRY CHINA FRANCE INDIA INDONESIA IRAN KOREA S. AFRICA SPAIN THAILAND TURKEY UK MEGA-UNIVERSITY China TV U. CNED Indira Gandhi Nat. OU. U. Terbuka Payame Noor U. Korea Nat O.U. UNISA UNED STOU Anadolu U. Open University STUDENTS 530,000 184,614 242,000 353,000 117,000 210,578 130,000 110,000 216,800 577,804 157,450 F-T FACULTY 18,000 1,800 232 791 499 176 1,348 1,000 429 579 815

22. COST ACCESS QUALITY THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE

23. Education for All

24. COST ACCESS QUALITY THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE

25. COST ACCESSQUALITY

26. The Open University ~200,000 students in 2003 (the UK had 130,000 students in all universities combined in 1963)

27. What about COST?

28. What about QUALITY?

29. 1Cambridge 11 Loughborough 2Imperial 12 Warwick 3Oxford 13 Lancaster 4York 14 Bristol 5LSE 15 Sheffield 6=Nottingham 16 Birmingham 6=SOAS 17 St Andrews 6=UC London 18 King’s London 9 Durham 19 Cardiff 10OPEN UNIVERSITY 20 Southampton BRITAIN’S TOP TWENTY UNIVERSITIES Quality Rankings of Teaching Programs ( Source: The Daily Telegraph - 2000 )

30. BRITAIN’S TOP NINE UNIVERSITIES Quality Rankings of Teaching based on all subject assessments 1995-2003 (Sunday Times University Guide 2003) 1CAMBRIDGE 96% 2LOUGHBOROUGH95% 3=LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS88% 3=YORK88% 5 THE OPEN UNIVERSITY87% 6 OXFORD86% 7 IMPERIAL COLLEGE82% 8 UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON77% 9 ESSEX77%

31. COST ACCESS QUALITY

32. COST ACCESSQUALITY

33. HOW?

34. Two types of learning activities: INDEPENDENT

35. Two types of learning activities: INDEPENDENT INTERACTIVE

36. Number of students Total cost more interactive more independent

37. MEGA-UNIVERSITY: A REVOLUTION IN EDUCATION

38. 2003 World Summit of Mega-universities 2003 World Summit of Mega-universities Shanghai, China 7-9 November 2003 Mega-universities = Mega-impact on Access, Cost and Quality John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO