1. WAYS MOLECULES MOVE Chapter 7-3

2. See a video clip about
DIFFUSION-7A

3. Diffusion

4. _______“where there’s _______” ____“where there’s _______”
Animatioin from:
Molecules move
_______“where there’s _______”
____“where there’s _______”

5. DIFFUSION across a space
Happens anytime there is a __________ in concentration in one place compared to another
= ________________________

6. DIFFUSION across a SPACE
Molecules move automatically _______ the concentration gradient _______ an area of _______ concentration ____ an area of ________ concentration
EXAMPLES
Blue dye in beaker demo,
Someone making popcorn/grilling out
Strong perfume,
Bad smell in room

7. DIFFUSION across a space
Diffusion continues until the concentration is ________________ in space
= ________________________

8. Molecules need to move across membranes in cells
Image modiified from:

9. Diffusion can happen ________ a _____________ in a cell, too
…as long as membrane will let the molecule _________________

10. CELL EXAMPLE:
DIFFUSION automatically moves oxygen from HIGHER concentration (in lungs) to a LOWER concentration (in blood)
CO2 automatically moves from where there is a
HIGHER concentration
(in blood) to where there
is a lower concentration
(in lungs)

11. PROBLEM for CELLS? Diffusion only moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration.

12. What if cell needs to move a molecule _________ the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT? _______________
Cell example:
Want to put MORE glucose
into mitochondria when there is
already glucose in there
Image from:

13. PROBLEM for Cells? Cell membranes are SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE
Video from:
PROBLEM for Cells? Cell membranes are SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE
See a movie

14. What if a cell needs to move _____ or ______ molecules that can’t get through the membrane?

15. PROBLEM for CELLS? Diffusion happens very slowly

16. What if cell needs to move molecules really _______
What if cell needs to move molecules really _______? (can’t wait for it to diffuse)
Cell example:
Movement of Na + & K+ ions
required to send
nerve signals

17. Cells need a ____ to ____ molecules across cell membranes that _______ across by ___________

18. See a video about Passive transport 7-C

19. Kidspiration by: Riedell

20. Kinds of ________ Transport
PASSIVE
__________________________________
___________________________________
_______________________________

21. DIFFUSION across a membrane
Happens anytime there is a __________ in _____________ on one side of the membrane compared to the other
See diffusion animation

22. DIFFUSION No energy required = _______
DIFFUSION
No energy required = _______
Moves _______ concentration gradient
from ___________________
Works for any molecules that can pass through the membrane
Example of molecules that move this way in cells:
________ & ____________

23. FACILITATED DIFFUSION uses _________________ to help molecules across 2 kinds of proteins help: _________ & ____________
Animations from:

24. Facilitated Diffusion with CARRIER PROTEINS
Animation from:
Carrier protein
grabs molecule,
changes shape, and
flips across to
other side like a
revolving door

25. FACILITATED DIFFUSION with CHANNELS
Membrane
proteins
create a
tunnel through
which molecules
can pass
_______________ allow________ ions to get past the ____________ center

26. FACILITATED DIFFUSION with CHANNELS
________ proteins allow ________
_________ molecules to get past
the __________ middle of cell
membrane.

27. FACILITATED DIFFUSION with CHANNELS
The movement of water molecules
across a cell membrane is called
______________

28. ALL KINDS OF FACILITATED DIFFUSION
No energy required = _____________
Moves ________ concentration gradient
from ________________________
___________________ help molecules get across membrane

29. EXAMPLES OF FACILITATED DIFFUSION IN CELLS
CARRIER PROTEINS
________________
ION CHANNELS
___________________________
AQUAPORINS (OSMOSIS)

30. Kinds of ________Transport
ACTIVE
________________________________________
__________________________________
________________________________
___________________________________

31. Kidspiration by: Riedell

32. See a video clip about
Na+-K+ pump -7D

33. Na+ and K + PUMP See a movie about Na+ - K+ pump
Animation from:
See a movie about Na+ - K+ pump

34. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
___________ transport
(requires energy from ______)
Can move molecules from _____ concentration
to ______
Special just for Na+ and K + ions
Uses _______________________ called ____________ to move molecules
Example: nerve cells Na+ is pumped out of cells at same time K + is taken into cells

35. PROTON PUMP Moves Protons across membrane = ___ ions
See a movie proton pump
More on this in Chap 8 & 9

36. PROTON PUMP ___________ transport (requires energy from ______)
Can move molecules from _____ concentration to ________
Special just for H+ ions
Uses integral ________________ to move molecules
Examples:
Lysosomes need acidic conditions for digestion
Photosynthesis/Respiration (more on this to come in Ch 8 & 9)

37. ACTIVE TRANSPORT with VESICLES
___________ are small membrane sacs that pinch off of cell membranes used by cells for transporting molecules
Used for transporting molecules:
If entering the cell = ______________
If exiting the cell = _______________

38. See a video clip about
Endo/exocytosis -7E

39. 2 KINDS of ENDOCYTOSIS for taking substances into cell
If taking in:
fluid or small molecules =_________________
large particles or whole cells =______________
Animation from:

40. ENDOCYTOSIS Substances taken into cell
__________ transport (requires________)
Uses ______________ to carry substances
Can move molecules from _____ concentration
to ______
Examples in cells:
one celled organisms eat this way
white blood cells get rid of bacteria this way

41. ENDOCYTOSIS Protist eating another
Animation from:
Protist eating
another

42. PHAGOCYTOSIS
___________ destroying _______

43. WHITE BLOOD CELL ENGULFING BACTERIA (Phagocytosis)

44. EXOCYTOSIS Substances released outside of cell
__________ transport (requires________)
Uses ______________ to carry substances
Can move molecules from _____ concentration
to ______
Examples in cells:
_________ release packaged proteins this way

45. GOLGI BODIES USE EXOCYTOSIS
Video:
GOLGI BODIES USE EXOCYTOSIS
Animation from:
See a Golgi movie

46. Endocytosis & Exocytosis
Videos from:
Endocytosis & Exocytosis
Watch a video clip about endo/exocytosis
video
Choose Screen/Switch programs to view

47. INSULIN being released by pancreas cells using exocytosis

48. VOCAB
_____________ = substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution
_____________ = substance in which a solute is dissolved

49. __________________ = mass of a solute in a given volume of solution
Images by Riedell
__________________ = mass of a solute in a given volume of solution
The _______ molecules there are in a given volume the ____________the concentration

50. Use new vocab to make Koolaid
Solutes = ______________& __________
Solvent = ____________
Koolaid drink = ______________

51. What if there is a difference in concentration but solute molecules can’t move across a membrane?
WATER will move
until concentration
reaches equilibrium

52. See a video clip about
OSMOSIS -7B

53. Animation See an animation Osmosis1

54. What will happen to an animal cell placed in different solutions?
Solute concentration
Greater outside
than inside
Lower outside
than inside
Equal outside
and inside
___________
___________
__________
What will happen to an animal cell
placed in different solutions?

55. Cells try to “maintain stable internal conditions =
Remember:
Cells try to “maintain stable internal conditions =
____________________
So an animal cell in
ISOTONIC conditions
stays same size
Water entering = water leaving
Video
Choose Blood Isotonic link

56. If cells can’t maintain “stable internal conditions” . . .
damage can result and cells can die.

57. Animation from: http://www. ouhscphysio
OSMOSIS
See an animation Osmosis3
Video
Choose Blood
Hypotonic link
HYPOTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ________________ inside the cell More water enters than leaves cell so cell will ___________________

58. Animation from: http://www. ouhscphysio
OSMOSIS
See an animation
OSMOSIS 4
HYPERTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ____________________ inside cell
More water leaves cell than enters so cell ____________
Choose Blood
Hypertonic link
Video

59. Animal cells _________ __________
_________ __________

60. Plant cells _____ keeps ___________ plant cells from bursting
Plant cells
_____ keeps ___________
plant cells from bursting

61. VACUOLES store WATER _____________________________ =
_____________________________ =
Pressure exerted by the movement of water during osmosis

62. SO WHAT? Bath water is ________________ compared to you
Sitting in the bathtub causes your fingers and toes to wrinkle up when water ________ your skin cells by osmosis

63. Grocery stores spray water on their veggies to “plump them up”

64. SO WHAT?