2. What is Radio Astronomy? MIT Haystack Observatory This material was developed under a grant from the National Science Foundation

3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Spans a range of wavelengths Visible is just a narrow range Radiowaves span a large range - from under 1mm to several meters

4. Sources of Radio emission Solar System - sun, planets Milky way - star forming regions, old stars, supernova remnants Extragalactic - quasars, radio jets Molecules

5. Sun OPTICAL RADIO XRAY

6. Saturn RADIO INFRARED OPTICAL ULTRAVIOLET

7. Orion Nebula: Stars are born… RADIO INFRARED OPTICAL XRAY

8. Crab Nebula: a star that died in 1054 RADIO OPTICAL XRAY

9. Cassiopeia A: a star that died in ~1700 RADIO INFRARED OPTICAL XRAY

10. Sagittarius A: Mystery Mass in Galaxy Center RADIO OPTICAL

11. Virgo A: Hidden Massive Black Hole shooting out a Jet RADIO OPTICAL

12. Molecules

14. What are molecules good for? Detections - newest one - “glycoaldehyde” (sugar) Probes - measure temperature, density, chemistry Kinematics - velocities - doppler effect

15. HC 3 N as a density probe in the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC-1)

16. CH 3 CCH as a temperature probe in TMC-1

17. Model of H 2 O maser emission around NGC4258

18. How do radio telescopes work?

19. What is Resolution?

20. Interferometry Getting better “resolution”

21. Compare the radio image on the right, made with the Haystack 37-m single dish telescope at a frequency of 43 GHz with the radio image above made with the 27- element Very Large Array. NRAO/AUI

22. VLBI images of SiO maser emission in Orion and a possible model

23. SiO Masers around a highly evolved star - R Cassiopeia

24. VLBI sequence of a supernova in M81

26. The Blazar 1055+018 –Active Galactic Nuclei –15 billion light years distant –AGN are 40 times more luminous and 10,000 times larger than the brightest “normal” galaxies –Displays a colossal jet of relativistic plasma –Powered by a supermassive, rotating black hole Magnetic Fields in Active Galactic Nuclei