1. The Legacy of Ancient Greece and Rome

2. Legacy of Greece Natural Laws- use of reason and intelligence to discover Democracy Architecture and Art ▫The Parthenon and Acropolis ▫Orders – Ionic, Doric, Corinthean ▫Kouros Sculpture

3. Greek Philosophers Use Reason 1. The universe is put together in an orderly way and is subject to absolute and changing laws 2. People can understand these laws through logic and reason SPA ▫Socrates- Socratic Method ▫Plato- The Republic; rule by philosopher-kings ▫Aristotle- Politics; mathematics and law

4. Plato Socrates’s pupil Plato’s Republic a Socratic dialogue was written around 380B.C. ▫It questions what justice is as well as defining systems of community ▫Republic is primarily about a utopia – an ideal world – where philosophers reign as kings  The Giver definitely was inspired by Republic

5. Rome’s developments The Republic ▫Dictator- times of crisis (Pompey or Julius Caesar) ▫Two Consuls ▫Senate and Two Assemblies Inventions ▫Aqueducts/plumbing, innovative architecture and roadwork, military techniques/strategies

6. Ovid 43 B.C. - 17A.D. Roman poet ▫Struggles with Caesar Augustus  Exile over (most likely) lewd love poems Metamorphoses ▫Transformation of:  From nothing to something!  Human/God’s bodies  Via love or hubris or hate  Characterization (for the worse) from the

7. Legacy of Rome Republic Individual is a citizen in a state not a subject Written law code