1. Vernal Ponds Contained Basin Depressions Lacking a Permanent Above Ground Outlet Small Pool in a shallow Depression of a Wooded Area

2. Pool Formed by a Flooded Meadow Pool in a Vegetated Wetland

3. Pool in a Red Maple Swamp Large Pool Among Hills in an Upland Forest

4. Obligate Vernal Pond Breeders Wood Frogs Wood Frogs Mole Salamanders Mole Salamanders –Spotted –Jefferson/Blue Spotted –Marbled Fairy Shrimp Fairy Shrimp

5. Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum

6. Spring Migration of Spotted Salamanders Spring Migration of Spotted Salamanders

7. Spotted Salamander Congress Spotted Salamander Congress

8. Spotted Salamander Spermatorphores

9. Spotted Egg Masses Spotted Egg Masses Developing Eggs Egg Masses Most Often On Vegetation

10. Spotted Salamander Larvae Incomplete Metamorphosis

11. Blue Spotted Salamander Other Obligate Mole Salamanders

12. Jefferson Salamander

13. Marbled Salamander Marbled Salamander

14. Wood Frogs Rana Sylvatica Adult Females The Quacking Frog

15. Engaged In Amplexus Wood Frog Eggs Engaged In Amplexus Wood Frog Eggs External Fertilization

16. Wood Frog Communal Egg Masses

17. Wood frog Metamorphosis Tadpoles Tadpole to frog

18. Emergent Wood Frog with Tail Remnant

19. Fairy Shrimp 1 – 2 inch crustaceans that Swim upside down

20. Facultative Vernal Pond Breeders Spring Peepers Spring Peepers Eastern Newts Eastern Newts Spadefoot Toad Spadefoot Toad American Toad American Toad Fowlers Toad Fowlers Toad Pickerel Frog Pickerel Frog Leopard Frog Leopard Frog Green Frog Green Frog Bullfrog Bullfrog Gray Tree Frog Gray Tree Frog Spotted Turtle Spotted Turtle Blandings Turtle Blandings Turtle Wood Turtle Wood Turtle Invertebrates Invertebrates

21. Facultative Amphibians Spring Peeper Facultative Amphibians Spring Peeper Distinguishing characteristics: X Marks the Spot and the Pads on the Toes

22. Fowlers Toad Other Facultative Amphibians Spadefoot Toad

23. Leopard Frog Pickerel Frog

24. Bullfrog Bullfrog Largest New England Frog

25. Gray Treefrog Gray Treefrog

26. American Toad Distinguishing Characteristics Warts White Line down the Center of the Back

27. Facultative Breeders Green Frogs Common Lake/Pond Species Distinguishing Characteristics Green Throat Ridge Lines from Eyes to Hind Legs

28. Eastern Newts Eastern Newts Adult and Juvenile Red Eft

29. Facultative Reptiles Facultative Reptiles Spotted Turtle Blandings Turtle Wood Turtle

30. Vernal Pond Invertebrates Vernal Pond Invertebrates Isopod Backswimmer Dragonfly Nymph

31. Fingernail Clams and Flat Snails

32. Threats to Vernal Ponds Development Development Logging Logging Recreation Recreation Other? Other?

33. Vernal Pond Certification with Obligate Species Signed Observation Form Signed Observation Form USGS Map + One Other Map USGS Map + One Other Map Evidence of Obligate Species Evidence of Obligate Species –Photo of Pool Holding Water –Photo of Obligate Species Breeding

34. Certification of Vernal Pond with Facultative Species Signed Observation Form Signed Observation Form USGS Map + One Additional Map USGS Map + One Additional Map Photos Photos – Photos of Pool Holding Water and the Pool Dry – Photos of two or more Facultative Species

35. Certification of Dry Vernal Pool Signed Observation Form Signed Observation Form USGS Map + One Other Map USGS Map + One Other Map Photos Photos – Photo of the Pool Basis Without Water – Photo of Facultative Species Persistent After Pool Drying such as snail shells, fingernail clam shells, exuvia of dragonflies and damselflies