1. See Aggression Do Aggression -Noah Watson and Alex Walker

2. What is Aggression?  Aggression is heavily researched in Psychology  Very hard to define- so researchers look for sources of aggression instead  Why do People engage in acts of aggression?  Biologically Programmed  Situational Factors  Aggression is Learned

3. The Bobo Experiment  Experiment led by Albert Bandura, Dorothea Ross, Sheila Ross in 1961 at Stanford University  Goal- Demonstrate how children learn to be aggressive.  Bandura is the founder of the “social learning” theory of psychology  Learning is the primary factor in personality development  Belief that behavior in children could be shaped  Bandura had 4 proposed theories before the experiment

4. Experimental Proceedings  Subjects- 36 boys 36 girls aged 3-6.  24/72 Children were part of a control group  The remaining 48 were divided  24 received nonviolent treatment  24 received violent treatment  Each treatment group divided by gender  They were split again into same sex treatment vs. opposite sex treatment  Bandura rated each child's initial level of aggression

5. Experimental Proceedings (cont.)  After being divided into groups- the experiment began  Each group had the same setup (minus treatment) to avoid error  Four responses of aggression were measured  Physical Aggression- Hitting/Kicking/Punching bobo  Verbal Aggression- Saying violent phrases (ex. “Hit him”)  Other Mallet Aggression- Hitting things besides the bobo  Nonimitative Aggression- Other physical and verbal not shown by model.

6. Results

7. Recent Applications:  In last 10 years- large increase in number of violent behavior in children  In 2000 six national medical associations addressed Congress  Said that violent media triggered aggressive behavior in kids  Also leads to desensitization towards violence  If kids are exposed to violence it will not go away due to age. Conversely, kids who are exposed to violence at a young age are more likely to commit violence later on.  These violent acts occur regardless of a kids socioeconomic status, intelligence or parental factors.  Efforts have shifted away from stopping children from viewing violent media to preventing media violence from translating into real life aggression

8. How does this relate to my life? Did Violent Video Games have a role in the Sandy Hook Shooting? 0:00-2:07