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Modern Art From 1900 to World War II
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Manet & Realism Impressionism Post Impressionism (Colorists) (Formalists) Van Gogh & Matisse Cezanne Fauvism Cubism Abstract Expressionism Futurism Abstract geometric painting Fantasy, Dada, Surrealism
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Cubism “’Cubism is no different from any other school of painting. The same principles and the same elements are common to all. The fact that for a long time Cubism has not been understood…means nothing. I do not read English, [but] this does not mean that the English language does not exist….’” Pablo Picasso -- quoted by Guillaume Apollinaire in The Beginnings of Cubism, 1912.
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Cubism: definition “The art of painting original arrangements composed of elements taken from conceived rather than perceived reality.” -- Guillaume Apollinaire, The Beginnings of Cubism, 1912.
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Cubism Breaking up of nature into geometric figures and planes
leading artists: Pablo Picasso & Georges Braque
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Les Demoiselles d’Avignon 1907 by Pablo Picasso
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Violin & Palette by Georges Braque
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Bottle of Suze by Pablo Picasso
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Guitar by Juan Gris
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Guernica by Pablo Picasso, 1937 o/c
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Girl before Mirror by Pablo Picasso
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Futurism Outgrowth of Cubism
Sought to capture motion & the “beauty of speed” Revolutionary Championed by poet Filippo Marinetti in “The Futurist Manifesto”
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Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash, 1912
by Giacomo Balla
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Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
1913 by Umberto Boccioni
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Expressionism Grew out of German movement, Die Brucke (The Bridge)
The Bridge: founded in 1905 to “bridge” to the art of the future Emphasis on expressing inner feelings Wassily Kandinsky: credited with painting 1st “abstract” painting, 1910
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Suprematism Founded by Kasimir Malevich, c. 1913
Geometric abstract art extreme reduction non-objective “supremacy of pure feeling”
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Suprematism Black Circle 1913 by Kasimir Malevich
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Suprematism Suprematist Painting: Aeroplane Flying 1915 by
Kasimir Malevich
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Kasimir Malevich Self-Portrait 1933 by Kasimir Malevich
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…toward abstraction... by Piet Mondrian
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by Piet Mondrian
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by Piet Mondrian
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Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue
1921 by Piet Mondrian
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Broadway Boogie Woogie by Piet Mondrian
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Composition I by Piet Mondrian
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Dada Western Europe: artistic, literary movement from 1916-1923
Protest against horrors of war An “anti-art” movement Dada means “hobby horse”
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Surrealism 20th century literary, artistic movement
Expresses subconscious with fantastic imagery & strange juxtapositions Drew heavily on Freudian theory
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Surrealism “According to the major spokesman of the movement, the poet and critic Andre Breton, who published ‘The Surrealist Manifesto’ in 1924, Surrealism was a means of reuniting conscious and unconscious realms of experience so completely tat the world of dream and fantasy would be joined to the everyday rational world in ‘an absolute reality, a surreality.’”
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