1. o.b.s the bongerd

2. What is the iss? Iss means International Space Station. This is a station in space that turns into orbit around the earth. There are different modules on the ISS.

3. How is the ISS made? The components of the ISS are made in pieces on the ground. Then they launched one by one by ESA (European Space Agency). The first module is launched in 1998. The ISS will be in space until the year 2020.

4. Here you see the different parts of the ISS

5. ► total size: 51 to 109 meters ► living space: 388 cubic meters ► total Weight: 419,000 pounds ► energy: solar wings 8 of 73 meters long with a capacity of 84 kilowatts ► height: 340 miles above the Earth ► speed: 27,000 kilometers per hour ISS data

6. What is the contribution of Europe? The contributions of Europe has send through the ESA The ESA exists of 15 countries: Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Austria, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland

7. The largest single contribution of ESA is the laboratory Columbus. Europe has also contribute datamanagementsystems and the European Robotic Arm

8. What is the purpose of the ISS? The ISS have been made for three goals: -science -education -exploration

9. How many expeditions have been to the ISS? There have been 35 expeditions to the ISS. One is still working. There are still a few planned for the future. Here you see a journey to space.

10. What are astronauts doing in the ISS?

11. An average work day takes nine hours. In the science laboratory Columbus there can be done many kinds of different experiments, be both inside the space laboratory and outside. From satellites and telescopes from researchers can determine the orbit of each planet, comet, asteroid or dwarf planet. One examines whether there are useful commodities, which we can still use on earth. Then it is up to the nationals to pick it..

12. Andre Kuipers on the ISS

13. Andre Kuipers is a famous Dutch astronaut. He was born in Amsterdam on october 5 1958. He is 55 years. Besides astronaut Andre Kuipers is a doctor. On the 21 of december 2011 Andre Kuipers departed to the ISS. On 23 December 2011, the rocket docked around 16:22 to the ISS. Andre Kuipers was 193 days on the ISS, he did different kinds of experiments.

14. Earlier in 2013, Andre Kuipers, visit our province ‘Friesland’. He gave a reading about his trip to space. One of our students was there and met him! She also gets his signature.

15. The outcomes The biggest experiment of Andre Kuipers was his own body. He made a daily ‘headache diary’. All astronauts have headache once they arrived in space. By keeping a diary to medical researchers on Earth make comparisons and research into causes. Kuipers drained blood to himself, took saliva and urine sample and did fitness tests. The physical examination of André Kuipers will provide useful information for the future, when ‘normal people’ going into space for short trips.

16. Other outcomes There have been done a lot of experiments and research in the ISS. In many experiments the gravity plays an important role. A few examples: -Earth observation – the production of oxygen by algaen and plankton -Developing a philips plasmalamp -Vegetable cultivation

17. How is life in ISS? Sleeping in the iss The astronauts sleep in a sleeping bag that is made to the wall, because otherwise they will float in their sleep. It does not matter if you’re lying or if you are standing when you sleep, because there is not really a ‘below or above’.

18. The toilet in the iss If the astronauts have to pee, they pee in a rubber hose. This hose is stuck in a tight tank. When the astronauts have to defecate, they are sitting on a kind of vacuum cleaner. All poop is collected in a tank.

19. Washing in the iss The astronauts are washing themselves with wet cloths, because water will float. They showering in a kind of cocoon, in which a quantity of water is sprayed on. The astronauts must throw the water against them, because the water will float. When they have finished showering, the water is sucked up

20. Food in the iss Solid food is eaten with a spoon. Liquid food, like yogurt, is with a straw. Everything you eat do you one by one, if you open all the food at the same time, the food will float. Crumbs that are floating around can be dangerous before the valuable equipment.

21. The astronauts pee at the bus that they go to the launchpad, before they go into space The astronauts plant a tree before they go into space. During the traditional flag ceremony there was a nice moment when Commander Oleg (German astronaut) Kononenko was walking to the Dutch flag and Andre Kuipers to the German flag, because if the flags hang down, the German and the Dutch flag are very alike. Some facts

22. This presentation was made by Teake, Joris, Freark, Gijs, Hessel Jan, Herre, Mincka, Niels Jinse, Anna, Sido, Sjouke, Annie, Dyani With a little help from our teacher