2. 1 and 2. Answers will vary. There’s an excitement to finding something valuable.

5. gold objects commander soldiers The Spanish captured the lnca king and tried to get their gold, their treasure.

6. Lesson 9A Click here to enlarge the passage

7. Vocabulary Lesson 9A

8. deal (n.) an agreement with someone

9. demand (v.) to ask for something in a strong, forceful way

10. amount (n.) hoe much there is of something

11. receive (v.) to get something when someone gives or sends it to you

12. kill (v.) to cause another living thing to die

13. account (n.) a report, an explanation

14. instructions (pl. n.) information on how to do something

15. describe (v.) to say what something is like or what happened

16. incredible (adj.) unbelievable, amazing

17. author (n.) the person who wrote something like a book or poem

18. letter (n.) a written or printed message that is usually put in an envelope and sent by mail

19. entire passage line 2 line 5

20. line 6 lines 17-19

23. receive amount deal demand describe

24. killed instructions accounts

25. incredible receives letters

28. Africa U.S.A. New York (U.S.A) and Thailand Japan

29. 13 people of whom 9 had bad luck King Louis XVI and his wife, Francis Hope and his family, Evalyn Mclean and her family, James Todd and his wife

30. Lesson 9B Click here to enlarge the passage

31. Vocabulary Lesson 9B

32. quality (n.) the measure of how good or bad something is

33. naterial (n.) what something is made of

34. expensive (adj.) costs a lot of money

35. link (v.) to connect two things or pieces of information

36. financial (adj.) having to do with money

37. opportunity (n.) a chance, a possibility to do something you want to do

38. present (adj.) about things and people who exist now

39. supposed (adj.) accepted as true, but doubtful

40. reject (v.) to disagree or say no to something

41. accept (v.) to agree or say yes to something

42. entire passage line 11 lines 18-19

43. line 19 lines 20-21

44. b d e a

45. supposed accepted expensive presently financial

47. quality accept opportunity link reject material finally

49. incredible qualityamount

50. instructions demanded opportunity described

51. 1 and 2. Answers will vary.

52. For More Information http://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/a ncient/lost-inca-gold.html http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/data /2002/03/01/html/ft_20020301. 1.html

53. Key Words for Internet Research Atahuallpadiamond deposits Pachacuti Amber roomGold minesPizarro Anne FrankHope DiamondValverde’s Gold Bactrian HordeInca Empire

54. Reading Skills

55. Understanding the Main Idea Once we've determined the text type of a passage, and what it's generally about, we usually then read on to understand the main idea of the passage. In other words: What is the writer basically telling us? Or, What is the writer's main message? Understanding the main idea of a text means being able to identify the most important point or information in the passage.

56. Identifying Details Identifying details in a text to answer specific questions (eg: who, what, when, where, why) is often achieved through a strategy known as ‘Scanning’ for details. This is actually a technique often used in daily life when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. Also when you read a newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text for important information of interest.

57. Understanding Reference Understanding reference in a text is an important reading skill which involves focusing on specific meaning of ‘pronoun references’ used throughout a passage (eg: this, those, their, it). This is an important skill to help develop full comprehension of significant details of a section of a passage which refer back to previous statements made.

58. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing involves the skill of identifying a restatement of a section in a passage that retains the basic meaning while changing the words, often explained in a more simplified form. A paraphrase often clarifies a more ambiguous original statement in the text by putting it into alternative words that are often more easily understood.

59. Reading for Gist Reading for gist is reading to get a general sense of what a reading passage is basically about. In other words, we read to understand the main topic, or theme of the passage. For example, a reading passage might basically be about a new type of technology, or a tourist's vacation trip, or a story about a fictional character.

60. Recognizing Sequence Recognizing sequence refers to the specific reading skill of being able to organize the events of a story in time order which can help you understand the information more easily. It is common to use ‘graphic organizers’ to more clearly and visually list the order or sequence of events in a passage or a story in chronological or time order.

61. Making Inferences When we read a text, the author does not tell us everything. Therefore, we must be able to guess some things and make clear assumptions from the information, facts, opinions and author’s feelings presented in the passage. Such a process of guessing and critical thinking is called ‘Making inferences’