1. Transnational Pollution
What is transnational pollution?
Why is it important?
What could be done about it?
What are some examples?

3. Sweden

4. Nuclear Radiation Form of energy that comes from nuclear reactors
No smell
No taste
Harmful to living things

6. An accident has taken place at the Chernobyl power station, and
one of the reactors was damaged. Measures are being taken to
eliminate the consequences of the accident. Those affected by it are being given assistance.

7. Nuclear Power Plants 100s about 30 countries
15% of the world’s electricity

8. Nuclear Power Plants Use uranium for fuel.
The uranium is mined from the ground and then put in a special container called a nuclear reactor.

9. Nuclear Power Plants
Inside the reactor, the uranium gives off energy in the form of heat, which is used to boil water.
The boiling water creates steam, which in turn powers a turbine to make electricity.

10. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
This accident did not just “happen.”
It occurred when workers doing a routine check failed to follow their own safety rules.
One of the reactors got too hot to control.

11. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
At 1:24 A.M. on April 25, 1986, an explosion rocked the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in present day Ukraine.

12. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
The explosion started a fire that raged out of control.
A fireball of radioactive dust rose three miles into the air.
The radioactive cloud rode the winds to places thousands of miles away.

13. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
Since the accident, people of the area still have to deal with the accident.

14. Radiation Spread from Chernobyl

15. Radiation Spread from Chernobyl

16. Radiation Spread from Chernobyl

17. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
The people of Lapland also suffered as a result of the accidental pollution.
Many people in Lapland fish or raise herds of reindeer for a living. After the accident, radiation polluted their fishing grounds and reindeer herds, killing large numbers of fish and reindeer. Those that survived were not safe to eat.

18. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
28 people died within four months from radiation or thermal burns, 19 have subsequently died, and there have been around nine deaths from thyroid cancer apparently due to the accident: total 56 fatalities as of 2004.
135,000 (?) people from areas surrounding the reactor were relocated
Workers also destroyed contaminated crops, food, and animals

19. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
World’s worst nuclear accident times greater than the bombs dropped in World War II
Since then world leaders have paid more attention to safety
Changes in reactors- less likely to overheat and shut down

20. The Chernobyl Radiation Accident
Write the name of the country where the radiation leak happened.
Then complete this sentence: Chernobyl became a source of radioactive pollution when…
The Radioactive Cloud Spreads Across Europe
Describe how the radioactive cloud spread. Names two countries that were affected by the pollution.
Then complete this sentence: One effect of the spread of radioactive pollution across borders was…
Efforts to Reduce Radioactive Pollution
Write one way to reduce radioactive pollution. Then complete this sentence: ____________________ help to reduce radioactive pollution by…

21. The Black Triangle
Acid Rain

22. Acid Rain
Rain that can damage the environment because it contains acid from factory smoke and car exhaust
Can damage plants, fish, animals, and even buildings.

23. Acid Rain

24. Some pollutants fall to the
ground. Other pollutants mix
with water in clouds to form
sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
Factories, power plants, and
vehicles release sulfur dioxide
and nitrogen oxides into the air.
Acid rain falls from the clouds.
Acid in soil and water damages
plants and wildlife. Acid rain
also harms buildings and cars.

25. Location Where Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic meet
Lots of factories and power plants here
They burn a soft, brown coal that blackens the air

26. Acid Rain When lignite burns it gives off two chemicals Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides

27. Consequences of Acid Rain
When they react with water, they form acids
Acids eat away at things

28. Acid Rain

29. Consequences of Acid Rain
Turn lake water acidic
Kill fish

30. Situation in the Black Triangle
In the late eighties, the situation was disastrous.
The rivers were polluted by industrial waste.
Smog was an almost permanent feature in some valleys.

31. Consequences of Acid Rain
The National Park of Karkonosze/Krkokonose was notorious for its thousand hectares of blackened and needle-less spruce trees.

32. Consequences of Acid Rain
In terms of public health, doctors' statements refer to chronic respiratory and allergenic disorders.

33. Effects on Other Countries
Because of high chimneys of factories, the smoke is carried by high winds
Better for cities/worse for other areas and countries – Sweden and Finland

35. Ways to Reduce Acid Rain
Rewards to reduce pollution
New technologies
Smokestack scrubbers
Catalytic converter
Decrease use of coal

36. Smokestack Scrubber

37. Results Salmons have returned to some rivers.
The forests have been regenerated.
The air has reached a quality similar to that breathed within the European Union.

38. Acid Rain Soot from Factories Creates Acid Rain
Write the name of the countries that were the source of the acid rain.
Then complete this sentence: The Black Triangle became a source of acid rain when…
Air Pollution Brings Acid Rain to Other Countries
Describe how the acid rain effected other countries. Then complete this sentence: One consequence of the spread of acid rain across borders is…
Efforts to Reduce Acid Rain
What is one way to reduce acid rain. Complete this sentence: _______________________ help to reduce acid rain by…

39. Tisza-Danube
“Water Chernobyl”

40. Cyanide
Toxic chemical that is used in mining and other industries

41. Cyanide Cyanide was used in Romania at a mining operation
Separates gold from rock
After it is used it was stored behind a dam

42. January 30,2000
Rain swelled the pond and it reached a dangerously high level
The dam burst releasing 100,000 cubic meters of cyanide water into the Szamos River
Equivalent to 30 Olympic pools

43. Szamos River in Romania
Went across Hungary and entered the Tisza River
Tisza empties into the Danube
Went across Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria and then into the Black Sea

45. Effects Dead fish Killed 200 tons of fish Hundreds of otters
Fish-eating birds died
80% of fish population died

46. Effects
Other animals that ate or drank from the water died.

47. Effects Affected the water supply of 2.5 million people
Shut down water systems

48. Effects
Warned people to stay away from water
Canceled trips to area

49. Did not last long
Breaks down in sunlight
When reached the Danube – no longer toxic to fish
Take years for the river to “get back to normal”

50. Other Sources of Water Pollution
Mining
Farming – chemicals and fertilizers
Boats
factories

51. Efforts to Reduce Water Pollution
Different groups working on helping the Danube in the future
“Danube Day”

52. Tisza-Danube A Burst Dam Releases Deadly Chemicals
Write the name of the country that was the source of the water pollution. On the map, color the source of the water pollution.
Then complete this sentence: Accidental water pollution occurred when…
Cyanide Flows into the Danube River System
Summarize how the pollution spread. Names two countries most affected by the pollution.
Then complete this sentence: One consequence of the spread of water pollution across borders was…
Efforts to Reduce Water Pollution
Describe one effort to reduce water pollution. Then complete this sentence: _______________________ help to reduce water pollution by…