1. Making plurals

2. el los la las un unos una unas Plural Articles Definite articles = the
Indefinite articles = a, an
some un
unos
una
unas

3. Plural Nouns If a noun ends in a vowel add “s”
If a noun ends in a consonant add “es”
If it ends in a Z change the “z” to a “c” and add “es”
El alumno los alumnos
La alumna las alumnas
Un profesor Unos profesores
Un lápiz Unos lápices

4. Plural adjectives
Adjectives have to match the noun in number and gender.
Remember that adjectives that end in an “o” have four forms.
Not all adjectives end in “o”. Use the same rules as making nouns plural
Cómico cómicos
Cómica cómicas
All of these adjectives are BOTH masculine and Feminine.
They only have two forms:
Singular and plural.
Deportista Deportistas (athletic)
Popular populares
Felíz Felices

5. Plural Subject Pronouns
Singular forms
Plural forms
Talking about myself as part of a group
Talking about myself Yo
Nosotros, nosotras Tú
Uds.
(“Vosotros, vosotras” in Spain)
Talking to a group of friends
Talking to you, a friend Él
Ellos
Talking about a guy
Talking about a group of guys or a mixed group
Ella
Ellas
Talking about a girl
Talking about a group of girls only
Ud.
Uds.
Talking to you, a person I should respect
Talking to all of you as a group

6. (“Vosotros sois” in Spain)
Plural Forms of “ser”
Singular forms
Plural forms
Soy
Somos
I am
We are
Eres
Uds. Son
(“Vosotros sois” in Spain)
You are (familiar)
Él es
Ellos son
He is
They are (males or mixed)
Ella es
Ellas son
She is
They are (females)
Ud. es
Uds. son
You are (formal)
All of you are

7. Putting it all together
El muchacho es inteligente y serio.
Los muchachos son inteligentes y serios.
Pilar es popular.
Pilar y Lupe son populares
Tú eres honesto.
Uds. son honestos
Tú y yo somos honestos