1. 1 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 CLEO-c & CESR-c: Probing Physics Behind & Beyond the Standard Model CLEO-c & CESR-c: Probing Physics Behind & Beyond the Standard Model Mats Selen, University of Illinois 2002 Aspen Winter Conference on Particle Physics

2. 2 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 What is CESR-c & CLEO-c CLEO-III detector CESR running at lower energies

3. 3 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Solenoid: 1.5 T now,... 1.0T later Tracking: 93% of 4   p /p = 0.35% @1GeV dE/dx: 5.7%  @minI Calorimeter: 93% of 4   E /E = 2% @1GeV = 4% @100MeV RICH: 83% of 4   % Kaon ID with 0.2%  fake @0.9GeV 85% of 4  For p>1 GeV CLEO-c Detector Detector Works Great! Presently running on  (1S) (Ecm = 9460 MeV)

4. 4 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 The Run Plan (More or Less) 2002: Prologue: Upsilons ~1-2 fb -1 each at Y(1S),Y(2S),Y(3S),… Spectroscopy, matrix element,  ee,  B h b 10-20 times the existing world’s data (started Nov 2001) 2003:  (3770) – 3 fb -1 30 million DD events, 6 million tagged D decays (310 times MARK III) 2004: MeV – 3 fb -1 1.5 million D s D s events, 0.3 million tagged D s decays (480 times MARK III, 130 times BES) 2005:  (3100), 1 fb -1 &  (3686) –1 Billion J/  decays (170 times MARK III, 20 times BES II) CLEOcCLEOc A 3 year program

5. 5 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 The CESR machine group is good: EcmL (10 32 cm -2 s -1 ) 3.1 GeV2.0 3.77 GeV3.0 4.1 GeV3.6  E beam ~ 1.2 MeV at J/  One day scan of the  ’: (1/29/02) L ~ 1 x 10 30 (~BES) When we add Wigglers

6. 6 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 The Big Idea: Tagging Even though we will have less data, our final errors in many important charm analyses will be significantly smaller than those possible at the b-factories. e+e+ ee K+K+  e+e+ e-e- Very clean events ! Flavor ID Unambiguous Reconstruction Beam constrained mass MC Log scale!

7. 7 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 We expect great advances in flavor and electroweak physics during the next decade:  Tevatron (CDF, D0, BTeV,CKM).  B-Factories (BaBar, Belle).  LHC (CMS, ATLAS, LHC-b).  Linear Collider (?). What could CLEO-c possibly have to offer this program? Why CLEO-c ? Why Now ? Drive for show, putt for dough !

8. 8 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 CLEO-c will play three important roles: 1.We will perform a suite of measurements whose results will significantly increase the precision of Standard Model tests being done by all experiments. 2.We will directly probe physics within and beyond the Standard Model. 3.We perform a comprehensive experimental study of non-perturbative QCD.

9. 9 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Measurements that will enable precision Standard Model tests by us as well as other experiments:  f D+ and f Ds at ~2% level.  Keystone absolute hadronic charm branching ratios with 1-2% errors.  Precision form-factors in semileptonic P  P and P  V decays (few % accuracy).  Lengthy list of exclusive charm semileptonic branching fractions with 1-2% errors. 1.

10. 10 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Goal for this decade: Goal for this decade: high precision measurements of V ub, V cb, V ts, V td, V cs, V cd, and associated phases. Over-constrain the various “Unitarity Triangles” - Inconsistencies  New Insights ! Many experiments will contribute to these measurements. CLEO-c will enable precise new measurements to be translated into greatly improved CKM precision!  Vub/Vub 25% l B  l D   Vcd/Vcd 7% l D   Vcs/Vcs =11% l B D  Vcb/Vcb 5% BdBd BdBd  Vtd/Vtd =36% BsBs BsBs  Vts/Vts 39%  Vtb/Vtb 29%  Vus/Vus =1%   l  Vud/Vud 0.1% e p n t b W

11. 11 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Flavor Physics CLEO-c will improve precision: Example: 1.8% ~15% (LQCD) Length of this side = Lattice predicts f B /f D & f Bs /f Ds with small errors. If precision measurements of f D & f Ds existed (i.e. CLEO-c), we could obtain precision estimates of f B & f Bs. This is also needed for precision determinations of V td and V ts. Similarly, f D /f Ds checks LQCD f B /f Bs calcultation.

12. 12 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 f Ds from Absolute Br(D s     Measure absolute Br ( D s   Fully reconstruct one D (tag) Require one additional charged track and no additional photons. Compute MM 2 Ds  Ds   Vcs, (Vcd) known from unitarity to 0.1% (1.1%) ReactionEnergy(MeV)L fb -1 PDGCLEO-c f Ds Ds+  Ds+   4140317%1.7% f Ds Ds+  Ds+   4140333%1.6% f D+ D+  D+   37703UL2.3% |f D | 2 |V CKM | 2 MC

13. 13 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 The importance of absolute Charm BRs Stat: 3.1% Sys 4.3% theory 4.6% Dominant Sys:   slow, form factors & B(D  K  ) dB/B=1.3% V cb from zero recoil in B  D*l + Vub/Vcb from at hadron machines requires: B(/\c  pK  ) poorly known: 9.7% > B >3.0% at 90% C.L CLEO LP01

14. 14 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 HQET spin symmetry test Test factorization with B  DD s Understanding charm content of B decay (n c ) Precision Z  bb and Z  cc (R b & R c ) At LHC/LC H  bb H  cc The importance of absolute Charm BRs

15. 15 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Absolute Branching Ratios ~ Zero background in hadronic tag modes Measure absolute Br (D  X) with double tags Br = # of X/# of D tags CLEO-c sets absolute scale for all heavy quark measurements MC Decay  s L Double PDG CLEOc fb -1 tags (  B/B %) (  B/B %) D 0  K -  + 3770 3 53,000 2.4 0.6 D +  K -  +  + 3770 3 60,000 7.2 0.7 D s  4140 3 6,000 25 1.9

16. 16 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Current Compare B factories & CLEO-C CLEO-c 3 fb -1 Statistics limited abcdefghi BaBar 400 fb -1 Systematics & Background limited

17. 17 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 |f(q 2 )| 2 |V CKM | 2 Absolute magnitude & shape of form factors is a great test of theory. b c u d HQET l l 1) Measure D  form factor in D  l (CLEO-c): Calibrate LQCD to 1%. 2) Extract V ub at BaBar/Belle using calibrated LQCD calc. of B  form factor. 3) Precise (5%) V ub is a vital CKM cross check of sin2 . 4) Absolute rate gives direct measurements of V cd and V cs.   B D i.e. Semileptonic Form Factors.

18. 18 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Semileptonic dB/B, Vcd, & Vcs CLEO-c PDG  Vcs /Vcs = 1.6% (now: 11%)  Vcd /Vcd = 1.7% (now: 7%) Use CLEO-c validated lattice + B factory B  lv for ultra precise Vub D 0  l D 0  Kl

19. 19 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 CLEO-c Standard Model tests:  1-2% measurements of |V cd | and |V cs |.  D  l / D  Kl semileptonic analyses.  Mixing sensitivity at the 1% level.  CP violation sensitivity at the 1-2% level.  A variety of rare D decays at the 10 -6 level. 2.

20. 20 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 See hep-ph/0103110 Gronau, Grossman & Rosner e+e+ ee  K+K+ K+K+  The D 0 and D 0 are produced coherently in a J PC = 1  state. Consider time integrated ratios of rates to various final states. Charm Mixing

21. 21 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02  K-K- K-K-   K+K+ K-K-  Ratio of Rates: One example (many to choose from): x =  /  y =  /2  To 1 st order, where Charm Mixing

22. 22 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Observing this is evidence of CP At the  ”(3770) e+e+ ee  ++ K+K+  e + e    ”  D 0 D 0 J PC = 1  i.e. CP+ Suppose both D 0 ’s decay to CP eigestates f 1 and f 2 : These can NOT have the same CP : CP(f 1 f 2 ) = CP(f 1 ) CP(f 2 ) (-1) l = CP  +  (since l = 1) CP Violation

23. 23 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Comprehensive study of non-perturbative QCD:   and  spectroscopy.  Masses & fine structure.  Leptonic width of S states.  EM transition matrix elements.  New forms of matter:  Glueballs (gg)  Hybrids (gqq) 3.

24. 24 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Gluons carry color charge: should bind! CLEO-c 1 st high statistics experiment covering 1.5-2.5 GeV mass range. Radiative  decays are ideal glue factory: Gluonic Matter X  c c¯ But, like Jim Morrison, glueballs have been sighted too many times without confirmation.... Inclusive  spectrum (CLEO-c) Example exclusive mode     Example: f J (2220)

25. 25 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Additional topics  ’ spectroscopy (10 8 decays)  ’ c h c …     at threshold (0.25 fb -1 ) measure m  to ± 0.1 MeV heavy lepton, exotics searches  c  c at threshold (1 fb -1 ) calibrate absolute BR(  c  pK  ) R=  (e + e -  hadrons)/  (e + e -   +  - ) spot checks If time permits Likely to be added to run plan

26. 26 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Crucial Validation of Lattice QCD: Lattice QCD will be able to calculate with accuracies of 1-2%. The CLEO-c decay constant and semileptonic data will provide a “golden,” & timely test. QCD & charmonium data provide additional benchmarks. (E2 SnowmassWG) CLEO-c Physics Impact (what Snowmass said) In a World where we have theoretical mastery of non- perturbative QCD at the 2% level Now

27. 27 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Knowledge of absolute charm branching fractions is now contributing significant errors to measurements involving b’s. CLEO-c can also resolve this problem in a timely fashion The potential to observe new forms of matter – glueballs, hybrids, etc – and new physics- charm mixing, CP violation, and rare decays provides a discovery component to the program VcdVcsVcbVubVtdVts 7%16%5%25%36%39% 1.7%1.6%3% 5% CLEO-c data and LQCD B Factory Data with CLEO-c Lattice Validation Also endorsed by HEPAP. PDG CLEO-c Physics Impact (what Snowmass said)

28. 28 CLEO-c CESR-c M. Selen, Aspen/02 Proposal Timeline CLEO-C workshop (May 2001) : successful ~120 participants, 60 non-CLEO Snowmass working groups E2/P2/P5 : acclaimed CLEO-c HEPAP endorsed CLEO-c CESR/CLEO PAC Endorsed CLEO-c (Sept/01) Proposal submission to NSF was on October 15. Site visit planned for March/02 Science Board March/02, Expect approval shortly thereafter See http://www.lns.cornell.edu/CLEO/CLEO-C/ for project description We welcome discussion and new members