1. The Cell Theory The Cell Theory

2. Class expectations: Find Your seat – Be at Zero Level Find Your seat – Be at Zero Level Update Your Agenda Update Your Agenda The Vocab Builder is our In-Class Work for Today. The Vocab Builder is our In-Class Work for Today. Attempt to answer all you can. Then you can use a text book to find the other definitions. Attempt to answer all you can. Then you can use a text book to find the other definitions.

3. Some Random Cell Facts The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter “ i ” It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter “ i ”

4. The Cell Theory Complete The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory were now complete: The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory were now complete: 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39) 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39) 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39) 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39) 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells. (Virchow)(1858) 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells. (Virchow)(1858)

5. What is a cell? What is a cell? What is a cell? A cell is the basic unit of living things. A cell is the basic unit of living things. Some living things are composed of only one cell and are called UNICELLULAR organsims. Some living things are composed of only one cell and are called UNICELLULAR organsims. Organisms that have many different cells are called MULTICELLULAR organisms. Organisms that have many different cells are called MULTICELLULAR organisms.

6. You will need to know the following organelles and their function: Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm,Mitochondria, Golgi Complex, Ribosomes,Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cell Wall, Chloroplast, Central Vacuole, Lysosome, Microtubles, Microfilaments, Nucleolus,Vesicles,Cytoskeleton,Centrioles

7. Cell Membrane Every cell is enclosed by a cell membrane. It controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell. Every cell is enclosed by a cell membrane. It controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.

8. Cytoplasm (not an organelle All organelles reside (live and float around in) the cytoplasm. All organelles reside (live and float around in) the cytoplasm. Cell process: Cell process: Cell division Cell division

9. Organelles Organelles are structures that enable the cell to live, grow and reproduce.

10. Nucleus The control center of the cell. It contains the DNA code for the cell coiled into chromosomes. Cell process: cell division, protain making, energy, etc

11. Nucleolus Organelle in the nucleus that is the site to make ribosomes. Cell process: protein making

12. Chromosomes

13. Organelles - Store, clean, support Vacoules, Vesicles, cytoskeleton, microtubules, microfilaments, centrioles, lysosomes, cytoplasm

14. Lysosome Breaks down materials for digestion. Breaks down materials for digestion. Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell. Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell.

15. Central Vacuole (Plant Cell Only) Most plant cells have one large one. Most plant cells have one large one. Filled w/ fluid. Filled w/ fluid. Helps maintains turgor pressure and shape of cell. Helps maintains turgor pressure and shape of cell.

16. Centrioles Produces the microtubules that pull apart chromosomes during cell division Produces the microtubules that pull apart chromosomes during cell division Cell Process: cell division Cell Process: cell division

17. Vesicles Capsules that carry cell nutrients, waste, or water. Capsules that carry cell nutrients, waste, or water.

18. Protein Building Organelles: ribsosome, ER(smooth and rough) Organelles: ribsosome, ER(smooth and rough) Golgi appartatus Golgi appartatus

19. Ribosomes Synthesizes proteins. Present in the cytoplasm. Present with Rough ER. No membrane present. Cell process: protein making

20. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Transports materials throughout the cell. Transports materials throughout the cell. Digests lipids. Digests lipids. Cell process: Produces proteins. Cell process: Produces proteins.

21. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Covered with ribosomes. Cell process: Produces proteins. Transports materials throughout the cell.

22. Golgi Complex The protein packaging and transport center of the cell. The protein packaging and transport center of the cell. Has incoming and outgoing vesicles. Has incoming and outgoing vesicles.

23. Energy Capture Organelles: Mitochondria, chloroplast Organelles: Mitochondria, chloroplast

24. Mitochondria This organelle processes energy for a cell. It makes ATP. (ATP = energy) Involved in cellular respiration. Cell process: cellular respiration

25. Chloroplast (Plant Cell Only) Contains chlorophyll. Makes plants green. Uses light energy to make ATP & sugars. Photosynthesis takes place here. Cell process: photosynthesis

26. Boundaries Organelle: Cell membrane Nuclear membrane Cell wall

27. Cell Wall (Plant Cell Only) Rigid and strong wall. Rigid and strong wall. Protects and maintains the shape of the cell. Protects and maintains the shape of the cell.