1. Long-Term Operation of Landslide Observation System Using ZigBee Modules University of Tsukuba Geo-Sensing Lab Wang Rui SocDic Conference

2. Geo-Sensing Lab Contents About landslide 132 Conclusion 5 About ZigBee Landslide observation system Our new system 4

3. Geo-Sensing Lab About landslide Fig1. El Salvador.2001 What is landslide? A landslide is a geological phenomenon that rocks, earth, or debris flows on slopes due to gravity. Landslide can occur in any kind of terrain given the right conditions of soil, moisture and the angle of slope.

4. Geo-Sensing Lab Landslide observation System is very important and strongly needed western Sumatra, 2009 West Java, 2010 Landslide in Japan and Indonesia Landslide in Japan About landslide Fig2. Landslide in Indonesia and Japan

5. Geo-Sensing Lab Landslide monitoring Landslide warning Landslide observation system Necessary to measure before occurring landslide. Displacement surface of the ground Displacement in the ground Water level in the ground Amount of rainfall Landslide observation System Function of the Landslide observation System Effective measures for landslide. Target of measurement

6. Geo-Sensing Lab other wireless standards → narrow observation area → Power is problem → If many nodes, high cost Fig4. Wireless monitoring system Landslide observation System Current landslide observation system Wired systemWireless system wired observation system → breaking of wire → high-cost Fig3. Wired monitoring system

7. Geo-Sensing Lab Advantage  Fast installation(no drilling is necessary)  Higher stability(no cables break)  Data transmission is real-time  Permanent data transmission and data collection  Power saving(ZigBee device sleeping mode) Fig5. Landslide observation system using ZigBee Landslide observation System Our system Based on ZigBee technology

8. Geo-Sensing Lab ZigBee is a Ad-hoc networking technology Based On IEEE 802.15.4 standard Intended for 2.45 GHz, 868 MHz and 915 MHz Band. Low in cost,complexity & power consumption Data rates touch 250Kbps for 2.45Ghz, 40 Kbps 915Mhz and 20Kbps for 868Mhz band. What is ZigBee ? Advantage Network capacity Low power consumption Low cost Bought freely Fig6. ZigBee device About ZigBee

9. Geo-Sensing Lab Zigbee is especially suitable for instrument measurement and control NameWi-FiBluetoothZigBee Communication distance 100m10m 10 ～ 100m Communication speed 11Mbps1Mbps250Kbps Network capacity32nodes7nodes65,536nodes life Several hours Several days Several months or years Application Wireless LAN Wireless Sound Instrumentation control Table1. Comparison with other wireless communication standards About ZigBee

10. Geo-Sensing Lab ZigBee LOW DATA-RATE RADIO DEVICES HOME AUTOMATION CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TV VCR DVD/CD remote security HVAC lighting closures PC & PERIPHERALS TOYS & GAMES consoles portables educational PERSONAL HEALTH CARE INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL ZigBee Application About ZigBee monitors sensors automation control

11. Geo-Sensing Lab ZigBee Flexible network topology Star Mesh Cluster tree Fig7. Network topology About ZigBee

12. Geo-Sensing Lab Our new system network topology : mesh Fig8. working process Fig9. Network of our system

13. Geo-Sensing Lab GeoSense: a. Network operations b. Communicate external device c. State transition GeoSense Coordinator: a. Formation of networks b. Control GeoSense AirSenseWare (software): a. Control GeoSense Coordinator b. Monitor network c. Collect and record data System component Our new system Fig9. Outline of system GeoSense Coordinator GeoSense Fig10. GeoSense

14. Geo-Sensing Lab Problem using mesh network To work as ZigBee-Router, loss of original power-saving Improve Power-Saving of ZigBee is important for this study GeoSense Coordinator GeoSense Normal ZigBee device ： can not be set into sleeping mode when using mesh network Our laboratory’s ZigBee device(GeoSense) ： can be set into sleeping mode when using mesh network Our ZigBee system’s working time is much longer. Our new system Fig10. GeoSense

15. Geo-Sensing Lab Experiment of Small-Scale System System component  AirSense Ware (1)  GeoSense Coodinator (1)  GeoSense (4)  GeoSense with external measurement device(1) Fig12. Experiment network Fig11. Small-scale system Our new system Network topology  Mesh topology External measurement device

16. Geo-Sensing Lab Get environment data  Temperature,water level, slope Fig13. Implementation and equipment of landslide observation system Number of measurement  72 times Measurement time  A day Our new system

17. Geo-Sensing Lab Fig14. Accumulated environmental data Measure three times per hour properly Confirmed the power saving function works properly Get various environment data,such as temperature and water level, slope, etc to change sensor Our new system

18. Geo-Sensing Lab Conclusion ZigBee is much suitable for Landslide observation system GeoSense can be set into sleeping mode when using mesh network. It is more power-saving. Landslide observation system is very useful for both Japan and Indonesia. Many types of data can be obtained for landslide early warning Our new system

19. Geo-Sensing Lab