1. Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

2. Carbohydrates Subunit = simple sugars Main function = short term energy storage Three Types –Monosaccharides –Disaccharides –Polysaccharides

3. Monosaccharides Single Sugars (simple sugar) Three Types –Glucose –Fructose –Galactose C 6 H 12 O 6

4. Disaccharides Two Sugars Three Types –Sucrose = glucose + fructose –Maltose = glucose + glucose –Lactose = glucose + galactose

5. Polysaccharides Many sugars – many molecules of glucose linked together

6. Polysaccharides Three types: 1.Cellulose – found in plant cells  Not digestible by humans 2.Starch – found in fruit, seeds, and tubers of plants  Examples: Potatoes, corn, rice and wheat  Digestible by humans 3.Glycogen – found in animal muscle cells  Digestible by humans

7. Proteins Many Functions Repair Growth & development Fingernails & hair  Enzymes Subunit = Amino Acids

8. Lipids (fats) Subunits = glycerol and fatty acids 1) Triglycerides = glycerol + 3 fatty acids  Most common type of lipid  Long term energy storage

9. Nucleic Acids Subunit = Nucleotides Function = carry genetic information Examples = DNA & RNA Nucleotide

10. Notes Review 1.Glucose + Galactose = ______________ 2.What type of carbohydrate is this? 3.This type of polysaccharide is found in plants and is digestible by humans. Lactose Monosaccharide Starch

11. Notes Review 4. What is the function of a lipid? Long term energy storage 5. What are the subunits of a protein? Amino Acids 6. What are two examples of nucleic acids? DNA & RNA 7. Draw a diagram of a lipid.