1. Biomolecules and Photosynthesis Biology Essential Standard 4.1 and 4.2

2. Background  Biomolecules, commonly referred to as “organic molecules” or “biological molecules” all contain carbon.  They are the four molecules of life.  The Miller-Urey Experiment discovered that these molecules (especially) amino acids existed in the early conditions of Earth

3. carbohydrates  Building Blocks: Monosaccharides (simple sugars)  Function: Energy production  Examples are: starches, sugar, breads, pasta  Glucose, sucrose, fructose, dextrose, maltose  The suffix “--ose” means sugar  Monosaccharides (simple sugars) join together to make disaccharides and polysaccharides.

4. Lipids  Building blocks are fatty acids  Function: insulation, make up the cell membrane, protects vital organs  Examples: mayonnaise, vegetable oil, canola oil, olive oil, steroids, cholesterol

5. Proteins  Building blocks of proteins are amino acids.  Function:  Examples: enzymes (to speed up reactions) All enzymes are proteins, but not all proteins are enzymes.

6. Nucleic acids  Building Blocks are: nucleotides (phosphate, sugar, base)  Function: Storing genetic information and protein synthesis  Example: DNA and RNA

7. Please use this chart to fill out your chart on photosynthesis & cellular respiration Process PhotosynthesisCellular Respiration Reaction: 6CO2 + 12H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H20 Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light  Sugar + Oxygen+ Water 6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 +6H2O + energy Oxygen + sugar --  Carbon Dioxide + Water+Energy Main functionProduction of food. Energy Capture. Breakdown of food. Energy Production (ATP) Occurs in which organelle? ChloroplastsMitochondria Requires Energy? Yes Product Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Oxygen (O 2 ), and Water (H 2 O)Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) and Water (H 2 O) and energy(ATP)