1. 1. What are “Hoovervilles?” 2. Describe the stock market crash. 3. How did the stock market crash effect all Americans? (List 4 factors!) 4. Why did America’s economic problems create a global crisis? 5. What was the Dust Bowl? 6. THINKER: In a time of financial crisis, do you think it is the government’s role to fix economic/business problems? Why or why not?

2.  As you know, Hoover’s popularity as President was decreasing just as fast as the economy.  There were a few key events and policies started by Hoover that made his unpopularity grow.  In groups of 3, each person is going to read a different section from the textbook.  As you read independently, you are going to summarize the TWO most important things in your notes.  Once everyone in your group is finished, you will come back together and share what you learned.

3.  In your groups number off 1-3. 1. “Hoover’s Response” and “Initial Reaction” pgs. 422-423 2. “The Depression Deepens” & “Too Little Too Late” pgs. 424- 425 3. “Mounting Protests” pgs. 426- 427.

4.  In 1930, Republicans lost control of the House and Senate.  Hawley-Smoot Tariff: highest import tax in history. Designed to protect U.S. products from Foreign competition  Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC): stabilize large banks and corporations with government aide.  Rejected direct federal relief and funding.

5.  In 1932, 20,000 jobless WWI veterans protested in Washington, D.C.  Called themselves the Bonus Army  Demanded immediate payment of a pension bonus that was promised.  Things got violent so General Douglas MacArthur used guns, tanks, and tear gas to fight off the protestors.  Hoover took responsibility for MacArthur’s actions

8. THE ELECTION OF 1932  President Herbert Hoover  Governor Franklin Delano Roosevelt VS

9. Campaigning HERBERT HOOVERFRANKLIN ROOSEVELT  “Brother Can you Spare a Dime?”  Once I built a railroad I made it run Made it race against time. Once I built a railroad Now it’s done Brother, Can you Spare a Dime?  “Happy Days are here Again!”  Happy days are here again, The skies above are clear again Let us sing a song of cheer again – Happy days are here again.

10. Ideas on Government HERBERT HOOVERFRANKLIN ROOSEVELT  Minimal government action  “The key to recovery was confidence”  State and local governments should handle relief  Start with prosperity at the top => foster economic growth  Expand government roles  Federal government should handle relief  Unemployment commission and relief administration  Startled by uneven prosperity => help the lower classes first

12. “This Campaign is more than a contest between two men.... It is a contest between two philosophies of government.” -President Hoover, 1932

13. Electoral Votes Roosevelt: 472 Hoover: 59 Hoover won six states, and FDR won by a huge margin of 7 million popular votes.

14.  Turn to your neighbor and explain to them:  The policies of President Hoover and FDR  What was the Bonus Army?  How do the conditions of the 1932 election relate to our economic problems today?

15. Letter to the President  You are now going to write a letter to either President Hoover or Governor Roosevelt.  It must be ½ of a page and written from the 1930’s perspective of one of the following roles: Farmer during the Dust Bowl Ford after shutting down his Detroit factories Unemployed person living in a “Hooverville” Bonus Army Veteran  In your letter, you must address the following: your character’s problem with the government/economy Their personal feelings towards the President What they feel the President should do to change their condition Use key concepts from the election: campaigning tactics, government intervention, depression relief, RFC, etc.

16. Dear Governor Roosevelt, I’m sure you’ve heard, but I recently had to shut down my Detroit factories. Just ten years ago they were my most profitable and consistent factories, but after the Great Crash, I was forced to lay off 75,000 employees. This fundamentally goes against everything I fought to improve in business, like higher wages and better working conditions. I am just sick with regret, but there is nothing I can do now – everyone is feeling the side effects of the Depression. At one point in time, I was President Hoover’s biggest supporter, but now, he seems to be making the conditions worse. He had good intentions with the implementation of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff, but it backfired and only made things worse. I am writing to you for help. I need to get my business going again. I know you support funding to the lower classes in society to foster economic growth. Although this would negatively effect me, I know it would help all the starving and unemployed families throughout the country. I would support anything that would get the economy back on track. I just wanted to write to you and wish you luck in the election and with the future of our country. Sincerely, Henry Ford