1. Reconfiguring Access: Issues for Transport Users, Providers, and e-Researchers William Dutton Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University of Oxford www.ox.ac.uk Presentation for the 8th International Conference on Survey Methods in Transport, Annecy, France, 25-31 May 2008.

3. 1. Transport Users and Providers:  Reshaping the Industry  The Emergence of a 5th Estate 2. Transport Researchers  Advances in e-Research  Certainty Trough or Experience Technology Reconfiguring Access: Relevance to Transport Survey Researchers

4. 2003, 2005 and 2007 (next in 2009) Cross-sectional Surveys versus Panels Multi-Stage Probability Sample England, Scotland & Wales Respondents: 14 years and older Face-to-face Interviews Sponsorship from Hefce, AOL, BT, British Library, Cisco, Ofcom, Wanadoo (Orange), Talisma Embedded with World Internet Project Oxford Internet Surveys

5. Sample Sizes and Response Rates 200320052007 Fielded inJune-JulyFebruary- March March - April Number of respondents 2,0302,1852,350 Response rate 66%72%77%

6. Diffusion of the Internet in Britain 2003-2007

7. Broadband 2003-2007

8. Reconfiguring Access

9. Going to the Web for Information

10. The Ways Users Get Information

11. Trust in Media, UK, 2007 (Reliability of Information)

12. Digital Divides: Income and Internet Use OxIS 2005: N=2,185; OxIS 2007: N=2,350

14. Life Stage and Internet Use

15. Internet Uses - Factors 1.Civic Participation: joined civic organisation, contacted a politician, signed a petition. 2.Entertainment: downloaded music, videos, participated in chat rooms. 3.E-Government: get information about Local Council services, get information about Central Government services, to pay for a tax. 4.Learning: getting information for school related projects, distance learning. 5.Social Network: posted messages or pictures online, created a profile in a social network site. 6.News-Information: Looking for news, social events, health information. 7.Finance: using bank online services, paying bills. 8.Shopping: getting information about a product or service, buying a product or service. 9.Diary: Write a Blog, maintain a personal website. 10.Travel: making travel plans or reservations. 11.Person to person Network: sending or getting jokes, send attachment with your email. 12.Fact Checking: find or check a fact, look up the definition of a word

16. Internet Uses

17. Explaining Internet Use for Travel Travel Planning Online Where did you start using the Internet 0.04* Ability to use the Internet Age Gender Marital Status Life Stage Household Income Disability Social Grade Ethnicity Years using the Internet Frequency of Internet Use 0.31 0.02* 0.43 0.00** 0.74 0.33 0.47 0.34 0.00** 0.06

18. Who uses the Internet for making Travel plans? Where did you start using the Internet Age Marital Status Life Stage Years using the Internet + Internet Café, at another person’s home, at home, at work 18-35 years, 35-55 years Living together with a partner, Married Employed, Retired > 5 years - Public library, at School/At university 14-17 years, 65+ Single, Divorced or separated Student, Unemployed/Other < 6 months, Between 6 months and 1 year

20.  Press in the 18th Century -- the Fourth Estate  Internet in the 21st -- enabling a Fifth Estate Enabling people to network with other individuals and with information, services and technical resources in ways that support social accountability in business and industry, government, politics, and other sectors. The Fourth and Fifth Estates

21.  Public Sphere (Habermas)  Information Commons  Space of Flows (Castells)  Engineered Information Space (Berners-Lee)  Fifth Estate Alternative Conceptions

22.  Networked Institutions, such as in e-Health, on- line travel services to complement agencies  Networked Individuals of the Fifth Estate:  going to the Internet for health and medical information, or travel information  collaborative network organizations, such as physicians via Sermo, or transport survey researchers Networked Institutions v Networked Individuals

23. Arenas Shaped by 5 th Estate Travel and Transport Governance and Democracy Press and Media Business and Commerce Work and the Organization Education Research

24. 1st Estate: Clergy -- today’s public intellectual: ‘Culture of Amateurism’ 2nd Estate: Nobility -- economic elites, ‘Edison’s of the Digital Age’ 3rd Estate: Commons -- Government: Internet Filtering, Regulation 4th Estate: Press -- Co-opting, Imitating, Competing The Mob -- Malicious Use of the Internet, Undermining Trust and Confidence Threats to the Fifth Estate

25. Increasing Concerns over Privacy

26. Non-Trivial -- Central but Divided Infrastructure Enabling Networked Individuals Space of Flows: Not Dependent on Universal Access Trust in an Experience Technology Institutional Arenas and the Fifth Estate Threats to the Fifth Estate Evidence: A Pattern of Findings The Emergence of a Fifth Estate

27. 1. Transport Users and Providers:  Reshaping the Industry  The Emergence of a 5th Estate 2. Transport Researchers  Advances in e-Research  Certainty Trough or Experience Technology Reconfiguring Access: Relevance to Transport Survey Researchers

28. The Diffusion of e-Research: Participants, Spectators and the Disengaged Oxford e-Social Science Node of UK National Centre for eSocial Science Case Studies of e-Science: Legal, Ethical, Social Issues Survey on Awareness of e-Social Science

29. Certainty Trough

30. Sample

31. Disciplines

32. Interest in e-Social Science Initiatives

33. Researcher Type Clusters

34. Year of Degree

35. Perspective on e-Research

36. Methodological Approaches

37. Use of Tools

38. Use of Data Sets

39. Coding and Designing Applications

40. Collaboration with other Researchers

41. Collaboration Tools

42. Attitudes towards e- Research (I)

43. Attitudes towards e- Research (II)

44. Attitudes towards e- Research (III)

45. Uncertainty towards e- Research by Proximity

46. Support to e-Research by Proximity

47. Reconfiguring Access: Enabling New Forms of Social Accountability and Collaborative Network Organizations (a Fifth Estate) Experience Shaping the Diffusion of e- Research and the Internet

48. Reconfiguring Access: Issues for Transport Users, Providers, and e-Researchers William Dutton Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University of Oxford www.ox.ac.uk Presentation for the 8th International Conference on Survey Methods in Transport, Annecy, France, 25-31 May 2008.

49. Researcher Type Clusters

50. Uncertainty towards e- Research by Perspective

51. Support to e-Research by Perspective

52. Proximity to e-Research by Perspective

53. Use of Analysis Software

54. Use of Software (I)

55. Use of Software (II)