1. Introduction & Macromolecules
Semester 1, Day 1
Introduction & Macromolecules

2. About Me Mrs. Larkin Da Vinci Design Charter High School
Last Year: 11th Biology
Upcoming Year: 9th Physics
Contact Information

3. Goal
Content: Students will be able to understand how life functions, achieving a B or better in the course.
Reading: Students will be able to read and understand the biology textbook independently.
Writing: Students will be able to fluently use the language of biology to express their ideas.

4. Summer School Information
Uniform at all times including breaks
2 Absences, then removed
Late by > 30 minutes = 1 absence
3 Tardies = 1 absence
Requirements:
1 notebook (or binder w/ looseleaf)
Pen or Pencil
Discipline:
2 Warning, then Referral
2 Referrals, then Dismissal from summer school

5. Grade Breakdown 50% = Daily Quizzes 50% = Final Exam Work Packets
Beginning of EVERY class
50% = Final Exam
Entire semester’s material
Work Packets
Due at beginning of EVERY class
Incomplete = Quiz score entered as a zero & parent call home
No makeup quizzes

6. Daily Agenda 1. 30 minutes 3. 5 minutes 4. 110 minutes 2. 60 minutes
Turn in Work Packet
Take Quiz
Review both
minutes
Investigation Activity
Direct Instruction
3. 5 minutes
Break
minutes
Partner work on packet
Mrs. Larkin will circulate to provide support
Any work not finished during class is homework

7. About You On a sheet of paper:
Legal Name
Nickname you’d prefer
Grade
(please use your professional address)
Favorite Academic Subject (PE and Lunch don’t count)
Favorite Book(s)
Favorite Movie(s) / TV Show(s)
Random Fact About You
Introduce yourself by saying your name, nickname, grade, and a “fave”

8. Nutrition Work with your partner.
Write down everything you ate yesterday and today.
Put these food items into any categories that you believe make sense.
You must have 3 or more categories.
You must have a rational explanation for each category.
Write down your explanation in complete sentences and with academic language.

9. What do these have in common?

10. What do these have in common?

11. What do these have in common?

12. The Chemistry of Biology
Science Hierarchy
Biology
Chemistry
Physics
Math
Study of Life
Applied Chemistry
Study of Matter
Applied Physics
Applied Math

13. The Chemistry of Biology
Chemistry Basics
Matter: Everything w/ space & matter. All life, too!
Atoms: Building blocks of matter; can’t see them.
Hydrogen Atom (H)
Particles in Atoms
Electron (e-): negatively charged
Proton (p+): positively charged
Neutron (n0): no charge
Outside (1e-) - +
Atom
H overall charge = 1e- + 1p+ + 0n0
= 1(-1) + 1(1) + 0(0) =
= 0
Nucleus (1p+, 0n0)
“center”

14. The Chemistry of Biology
Boron Atom (B)
Outside (5e-)
B overall charge = 5e- + 5p+ + 6n0
= 5(-1) + 5(1) + 6(0) =
= 0
Nucleus (5p+, 6n0)
Image Source:

15. The Chemistry of Biology
Elements: Pure substance; one type of atom.
SPONCH: Elements of life; 99.8% of all living things.
S: sulfur % P: phosphorus %
O: oxygen %
N: nitrogen %
C: carbon %
H: hydrogen %
% of Human Body

16. The Chemistry of Biology
Molecule: Group of atoms bonded together.
Molecular Oxygen (Gas) O2
Carbon Dioxide (Gas)
CO2
Glucose Sugar (Solid)
C6H12O6
Water (Liquid)
H2O
Image Source: homebrewsake.com

17. The Chemistry of Biology
Amino Acids (General Structure)
R-CH(NH2)-COOH
Methane (Gas)
CH4
Image Source: homepages.ius.edu

18. The Chemistry of Biology
Macromolecules: Big biological molecules; polymers.
Levels of Organization
“Large”
“Life”
“Many”
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
Atoms
Molecules
Monomers
Macromolecules/
Polymers
Cells
Organisms
Chemistry
Biology

19. Polymer/Macromolecule
Macromolecules
Monomers: Molecules that link to make macromolecules/polymers.
4 Main Macromolecules
“one”
“many”
monomer – monomer – monomer
polymer/macromolecule
Class
Polymer/Macromolecule
Monomer
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide
Monosaccharide
Lipids
Lipid
Glycerol Molecule + Fatty Acid Tails
Proteins
Protein / Polypeptide
Amino Acids
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acid
Nucleotides

20. Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide
Macromolecules
Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide (Macromolecule)
Monosaccharide (Monomer)
Function: Store short term energy
Food Sources: Grains (carbohydrate), Candy (Monosaccharide)
Connections: “Carb-Loading” before a race.
Monosaccharide (“Simple Carbs”)
Glucose Molecule
“Sugar”
Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide
(“Complex Carbs”)

21. Macromolecules Lipid (Macromolecule) *technically not a polymer*
Glycerol Molecule + Fatty Acid Tails (Building Blocks) *technically not monomers*
Function: Store long term energy, cushioning
Food Sources: Oils, Fats, Waxes
Connections: Fat cells synthesize & breakdown lipids
Zoom-In
Glycerol Molecule
Polar / Hydrophilic (Loves Water)
Fatty Acid Tails (Any #)
Nonpolar / Hydrophobic
(Hates Water)
Lipid

22. Side chain changes for each of the 20 amino acids.
Macromolecules
Protein / Polypeptide (Macromolecule)
Amino Acids (Monomer)
Function: Enzymes, Hormones, Structural Support, Cell Communication
Food Sources: Meat, Eggs, Beans, Soy, Milk
Connections: Protein powder to “build muscle”.
Zoom-In
H2N C
COOH H R
Leu
Phe
Ser
Cys
Protein
Side chain changes for each of the 20 amino acids.

23. Macromolecules Nucleic Acid (Macromolecule) Nucleotides (Monomer)
Zoom-In P
Nucleotide
Nucleic Acid P
= Phosphate Group
= Sugar (“-ose”
= Nitrogenous Base
Key
Image Source:

24. Macromolecules Nucleic Acid (Macromolecule) Nucleotides (Monomer)
Function: Store and transmit genetic information; “blueprints”
Examples:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
RNA (ribonucleic acid)
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) P
ATP
Break this bond for ENERGY!
Nucleic Acids
deoxyribose sugar
ribose sugar
Nucleotide

25. Reading / Work Time Read Chapter 5 Ch5: The Molecules of Life
Take Cornell notes on each section. After you are done reading, answer CONCEPT CHECKS at bottom of Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.5.
Do the Chapter 5 Review Questions 1-20
Come show me reading notes when you are finished.
Ch5: The Molecules of Life
Organic Molecule
Monomer
Polymer
Carbon-based molecules used in living organisms.
Small molecular units that build a larger molecule
Long chains of monomers linked together in a long chain. Examples are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Etc….
Summary: Macromolecules are the building blocks of living organisms. They are made up of smaller units called monomers. There are four types: carbohydrates which provide fuel, lipids which provide insulation, proteins which are responsible for day-to-day functioning of organisms, and nucleic acids which are the genetic material of an organism. The monomers they are made up of… etc…

26. Due Tomorrow Section 5.1 Questions Section 5.2 Questions
Chapter 5 Review Questions 1-20
Cornell notes on Chapter 5