1. National VII Architecture – Data Perspective Michael Schagrin ITS Joint Program Office US Department of Transportation TRB 2008 Annual Meeting Session 415 January 16, 2008

2. Outline National Architecture Overview Data Within VII Infrastructure Applications Enabling Services Proof of Concept Applications Issues Relevant to Use of VII Data

3. VII Vision Linking vehicles and the transportation infrastructure into an integrated, nationwide system has been a vision of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) for almost two decades. VII technologies, network and services are designed to support applications facilitating three major goals: Safety, Mobility and E-Commerce

4. VII Concept Probe Data Signal Phase and Timing Safety Communications  Real Time Network Data  Situation Relevant Information Private Sector Uses E-payment VII Infrastructure Network Instrumented Roadside

5. VII National Architecture Framework Wireless communications uniquely tailored for vehicular environment Secure communications between service providers and vehicles Architecture designed around DSRC, however extendable to other wireless communications technologies Data collection / message distribution functions common to many applications are provided as core services… enabling rapid applications development

6. VII Enables Collection, Distribution and Exchange of Data Vehicle to Infrastructure Probe Data Trip Path Data (opt-in) Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment) Infrastructure to Vehicle Advisory Message Data Localized Map Data (safety) Signal Phase & Timing Data Position Corrections Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment) Vehicle to Vehicle Heartbeat Data

7. VII Enabling Services − Probe Data Distribution This service collects probe data from vehicles and distributes to interested users (e.g., Traffic Management Centers, Information Service Providers) Provides real time data to enable determination of roadway conditions Probe Data includes vehicle position, speed, direction of travel and vehicle kinematics data, etc. (SAE J2735) Applications that utilize Probe Data include Traveler Information, Signal Timing Optimization, Winter Maintenance, and Road Weather Prediction User applications “subscribe” to receive specific types of probe data from specific locations Vehicles generate probe data periodically and in response to significant events, “publishing” this data when in range of an RSE Probe data is delivered to applications with matching subscription criteria VII does not provide a data repository for probe data, it merely transports the data Could provide for integrated delivery from other probe data sources

8. VII Enabling Services − Advisory Message Delivery This service distributes localized advisory messages such as travel times, incident information, local signage Helps drivers make safety and travel decisions based on localized advisories Data types include Signal Phase & Timing (SPAT), Local Signage, Local and Regional Weather Alerts Applications that utilize advisory messages include Intersection Collision Avoidance, Traveler Information, In-Vehicle Signage Provider specifies broadcast locations & delivery schedule Safety messages receive broadcast priority

9. VII Enabling Services − Map Element Distribution This service provides roadway micro-maps to vehicles Micro-maps are used to support safety applications such as intersection collision avoidance and curve overspeed warning Data includes detailed roadway geometry for signalized intersections, non-signalized intersections, road curve segments System utilizes anonymous probe data to verify map accuracy and to detect potential events

10. VII Enabling Services − Heartbeat This service is frequent transmission of vehicle speed and location to other vehicles It enables situational awareness for vehicles Data contains vehicle’s position, speed, direction of travel, and size Supports safety applications such as lane changes, forward collision warning, emergency electronic braking

11. VII Enabling Service − Data Exchange Transport This service supports exchange of opt-in bi-directional transactions between vehicles and service providers It enables an endless variety of public and private applications, where direct communications between service providers and vehicles is needed Data could include vehicle diagnostics information, emissions inspection data, and e-payment transactions Applications could include concierge services, vehicle maintenance, and tolling Vehicle is always the initiator of any transaction, Service Provider and vehicle can then exchange data

12. Summary of Proof-of-Concept Applications Public Traveler Information Signal Timing Optimization Ramp Metering Weather Information Corridor Management: Planning Assistance Corridor Management: Load Balancing Private In-Vehicle Signage Off-Board Navigation Parking Payment Toll Payment Safety Vehicle-to-Vehicle Intersection Violation Warning

13. Issues Relevant to Use of VII Data Absolute and Relative Positioning Applications such as intersection collision avoidance and HOT lane tolling require highly accurate (lane- level) vehicle positioning and availability of detailed roadway geometric maps Data Ownership and Liability Lingering questions of data ownership and rights have the potential to limit the usability of the data Liability associated with VII data ownership must be defined for every entity involved in the system