2. For Tomorrow  Feuchtless!  Bring Your Book!  1.) Read for 546-554 for quiz Friday Know Carnegie-Mother Jones  2.) 1 5–7 sentence response to Varying Viewpoints Question 1 or 2

3. Transcontinental RR - Union Pacific RR & Central Pacific RR  gov. subsidies -  Irish -  Chinese –  meet in 1869 in Ogden, Utah Imp. :  1-  2-  3-

4. RRs Flourish!  steel rails - Cornelius Vanderbilt, NY Central -  standard gauge tracks -  Westinghouse air brake -  Pullman "Palace Cars“ -  Labor still dangerous (1888 = 20,000 inj.)

5. Impact of RR on US  National Economy -  Industrialization -  Mining and Agriculture -  Immigration -  Environment -  Time (1883) -  Wealth -

6. Dirty Tricks in RR Biz!  “stock watering” -  bribery -  The "pool“ -  “rebates” and “kickbacks” -  price gouging -

7. Early Efforts to regulate begins with the states in 1870s –  Wabash v. Illinois (1886) - Interstate Commerce Act (1887) –  1 – outlawed _____ & ______  2 – must publish ___________  3 – created ICC – The First! –  but...

8. 2 nd Industrial Revolution  1860: 4 th 1894: 1 st WHY?  1.) "liquid capital" –  2.) natural resources -  3.) cheap labor -  4.) “American ingenuity” Bell – ‘ 76 - Sholes – ’67 - Edison – ’79 - Drake – ’59 -

9. Schedule  554-562 for Monday  623-630 for Tuesday  630-638 for Wednesday  Chapter 25 & 28 Exam next THURSDAY

10. Tactics of the “Robber Barons” vertical integration -  Carnegie  steel horizontal integration -  John D. Rockefeller  oil  "trust" -

11. Carnegie, Morgan, & Steel Steel Boom:  Bessemer Process -  access to coal and iron ore  labor Andrew Carnegie -  Bought out by JP Morgan in 1900 -  Morgan forms US Steel in 1901

12. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Co.  kerosene –  1877 – 95% of all _________  oil business killed by ________ then revived by _____________

13. His Tactics consolidate –  1-  2- ruthlessly price-out all competition  video stores? –  oligopoly -  monopoly -

14. How do we think about this insane wealth?  Social Darwinism –  The Gospel of Wealth – Horatio Alger –  myth or reality?

15. Constitutional safeguards for industry Wabash v. Illinois ruling –  Interstate Commerce Clause The 14 th Amendment  interpret corporations as ‘persons“ –  protects -

16. Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890  goal -  problem -  actually used to break-up ___________.  but...

17. Schedule  623-630 for Tuesday  630-638 for Wednesday  Chapter 25 & 28 Exam THURSDAY

18. The Birth of Unions  Why? more _______ than ________ Goal = collective bargaining  solidarity –  power comes from - The First 2 Big Unions:  1.  2.

19. 2 Types of Unions Craft Union –  Samuel Gompers & The AFL - Industrial Union –  Eugene V. Debs & The ARU -  strike – scab – Pinkertons-  socialism – IWW -  lockouts - yellow dog contracts– black lists–  company town -

20.  end of the Jeffersonian ideal a nation of wage-earners  slave to the clock  industrial virtues taught in school  women The “Gibson Girl” ideal – stenographers and "hello girls“ the reality  oligarchy - 1/10 of the people own 9/10 wealth

21. Capital v. Labor!  1877 – The Great Railroad Strike of.. (522) -  1886 – Haymarket Riot (558) -  1892 – Homestead Steel Strike (626) -  1894 – The Pullman Strike (631)-

22. With Your Partner...  What caused the ruckus...  What ensued as a result...  Who won?  CAPITAL or LABOR  Why did they win? (what turned the tide?)

23. “The Billion Dollar Congress”  ______ _________ elected in 1888 -  Republicans like high tariffs McKinley Tariff Bill (1890)  surplus –  spend it on –  Populist Party ( ____________’s Party)  opposition party -  Represent _________ & ___ v. _________ & ___

24. The Populist Party Economic Demands  increased money supply (16:1 silver)  graduated income tax  gov. owned utilities  8 hour work day  immigration restriction Political Demands  popular election of U.S. Senators  single term for President and VP  secret ballot

25. Election 1892  Small gains for Populists  Cleveland (D) wins Prez. The Panic of 1893  overbuilding and overspeculation  agricultural depression  European banks pull money - depletion of gold reserve  1895 – Gov. bailed out by -

26. Reaction to the Panic of 1893 Coxey's Army - 1894  "General" Jacob S. Coxey -  demands –  Result - Free Silver -  debtors likeee -  Coin's Financial School (1894) -- William Hope Harvey

27. “Silverites” vs. “Gold Bugs” in 1896 William McKinley  Mark Hanna -  Gold Standard -  business, banking  outspend Dems 16-1 William Jennings Bryan –  Cross of Gold Speech –  Wins him ___________ & _________

28. Election of 1896  “Gold Bug”Democrats –  McKinley wins  NE & MW beats S & W -  begins a 16-year -  high tariffs  Gold Standard Act (1900) -  more new gold =

29. Constitutional safeguards for industry Wabash v. Illinois ruling –  Interstate Commerce Clause The 14 th Amendment  interpret corporations as ‘persons“ –  protects -

30. Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890  goal -  problem -  actually used to break-up ___________.  but...

31. Tariffs  R epublicans = R ___________  D emocrats = D ____________