1. Non Traumatic EENT Emergencies
Eyes--Ears--Nose--Throat

2. Eye Emergencies Acute Glaucoma Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Retinal Detachment

3. Acute Glaucoma Increased intraocular pressure
Caused by acute obstruction of aqueous humor outflow
Signs/Symptoms
Decreased visual acuity
Colored halos around lights
Severe eye pain radiating to head/face
Nausea, vomiting
Fixed, midposition pupil
“Steamy” cornea

4. Acute Glaucoma
Management
Cover eyes
Transport

5. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Blockage of blood flow to retina
Signs/Symptoms
Sudden, painless, unilateral blindness
Management
Intermittent digital massage over closed eyelid
Caution - monitor EKG
Consider having patient rebreathe in paper bag

6. Retinal Detachment Separation of retina from underlying structures
Signs/Symptoms
Dark or irregular “floaters”
Flashes of light
“Curtain” or “Veil” in visual field
Management
Transport gently

7. Ear Emergencies/Urgencies
Otitis Externa
Otitis Media
Foreign Bodies

8. Otitis Externa Localized or diffuse infection of ear canal
Predisposing factors
Wetness
Irritants (hair dye/sprays)
Trauma from cleaning ears

9. Otitis Externa Signs/Symptoms Itching, severe pain
Loss of hearing if ear canal swells
Foul smelling discharge
Tenderness with traction on ear

10. Otitis Media Bacterial or viral infection of middle ear
Usually secondary to upper respiratory infection
Common in children 3 months to 3 years old

11. Otitis Media Signs/Symptoms Persistent, severe earache
Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Red, bulging tympanic membrane

12. Foreign Bodies Common in young children
Attempts to remove may damage tympanic membrane
Transport to ER for removal
Non-hydroscopic objects may be irrigated out
Insects can be killed by placing mineral oil in ear canal

13. Nose/Throat Emergencies
Nasal foreign bodies
Epistaxis
Peritonsillar Abscess (Quinsy)

14. Nasal Foreign Bodies Common in young children
Foul-smelling, bloody, unilateral discharge
Retained foreign bodies
Rhinoliths
Transport for removal

15. Epistaxis Causes Local infection Drying of mucous membranes
Hypertension
Trauma
Bleeding tendencies
Digital insertion

16. Epistaxis Management Anterior Bleed Posterior Bleed
Pinch nostrils
Pressure over upper lip at base of septum
Local cold application
Posterior Bleed
May require packs or cauterization
Patients may need volume replacement

17. Peritonsillar Abscess (Quinsy)
Acute infection of soft tissue spaces around tonsil
Signs/Symptoms
Severe pain on swallowing
Fever
Tonsil displaced medially
Respiratory distress