1. Organizational Behavior Types of Intermittently Reinforcing Behavior

2. A Reinforcer is an event or stimulus that increases the frequency of the response that it follows. Positive reinforcers are events or stimuli such as food, water, money, and praise that are presented after the target response occurs. Negative reinforcers Removing an unpleasant consequence when the desired behavior occurs.

3. Example

4. Schedules of Reinforcement Continuous Reinforcement A desired behavior is reinforced each time it is demonstrated The term intermittent (or partial) reinforcement describes these non continuous patterns of delivering reinforcement.

5. There are two main types of intermittent schedules: ratio and interval. When a ratio schedule is in effect, the number of responses determines whether the participant receives reinforcement. When an interval schedule is in effect, responses are reinforced only after a certain interval of time has passed

6. Fixed Ratio and Variable Ratio Fixed-ratio (FR) schedules require that a set number of responses be made before a reinforcer is delivered. Variable-ratio (VR) schedules require that the participant perform differing numbers of responses to obtain a reinforcer.

7. Fixed Interval & Variable Interval With a fixed-interval (FI) schedule, the time interval is constant. The time interval changes after each reinforcer is delivered when a variable- interval (VI) schedule is used. Ratio schedules generally produce higher rates of responding than interval schedules.

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