1. Ceramics and Materials Engineering Nanomaterials

2. What are Nanomaterials? Structures or materials who have characteristic length scales (sizes) in 1-D, 2-D or 3-D that are ~ 10 -9 meters (nano-meters, nm, 1/1,000,000,000 of a meter, 1 nm is ~ 3-4 atoms wide) 1-D, 2-D or 3-D that are ~ 10 -9 meters (nano-meters, nm, 1/1,000,000,000 of a meter, 1 nm is ~ 3-4 atoms wide) Materials, structures or systems where behavior and control of processes are at the atomic or molecular level Materials that exhibit novel (unexpected) properties, behavior and phenomena to = diameter of a human hair It takes 1000 1 nm particles 2.5 nm 1000 atoms 2.5 nm A box 2.5 nm on a side would hold ~ 1000 atoms The Rutgers University budget is ~ $ 1,000,000,000. Thus $1.00 is a nano-element of the budget 4 mm is a nano-element of the distance from NY to LA

3. Nanotechnology : The Challenge Lucent Technologies Bell Labs Innovations

4. What Will Nanomaterials Do For Society? Nano-electronics, quantum computing, super-capacitors, super- batteries, bio-hazard sensors, 1000 CD’s on your wrist, novel drugs and drug delivery systems, cellular repair, artificial organs, miniature airplanes, e-ink, self assembly, super-armor, transparent armor, lab on a chip, nano- bio-informatics Total societal impact far greater than silicon microelectronics integrated circuit revolution of the 20th century Next technological revolution Electron microscope image of agar derived nano-gel used for metal and ceramic injection molding K. Labropoulos, Ph. D. Thesis, Rutgers University, May, 2001 Molecular dynamic simulations of water adsorption at glass interface S. H. Garofalini, Rutgers, University

5. Self Assembled/ Ordering of 4 nm Fe/Pt nanoparticles Nanomaterials will yield areal storage densities > 100 Gigabits/square inch Nanomaterials for Information Storage

6. C 60, Buckeyballs, Carbon Nanotubes: New Structure of Matter

7. Carbon Nanotubes (CNT’s) for Flat Panel Displays

8. Super Hydrophobic Aligned C-Nanotubes Functionalized Surfaces for Targeting Cells

9. Carbon Nanotubes The Space Crane Material

10. ZnO Nanostructures and Their Applications  ZnO has wide and direct bandgap of 3.3 eV which can be engineered by alloying with MgO or CdO ; it is piezoelectric.  ZnO nanotips and nanotip arrays have applications in:  field-emission (displays and near field optical probing)  nano-lasers  photonic bandgap devices (PBG)  biomedical sensors (DNA, protein binding sites, etc.)  STM & AFM ZnO nanotips on C-sapphire ZnO nanotip array on GaN

11. APPLICATIONS Thin film batteries Fiber optics Catalysis Micro-electrical-mechanical systems Electrochromic devices Environment CRYSTAL/GLASS INTERFACES ATOMISTIC ROUGHNESS OF GLASS SURFACE WATER MOLECULES (IN GREEN AND RED!) ON GLASS MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF GLASS