1. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Towards IPv6 Globalisation IPv6 for 3G Gopinath Rao Sinniah Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology (AIMST)

2. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) 2G 2.5G 3G 4G ??? Digital mobile phone Features : -Phone call - voice mail - sms Speed : 10kbps Best technology now widely available Features : -Phone call/fax - voice mail - send & receive large email messages -Web browsing -Navigation / maps -News updates Speed : 64 – 144 kbps Evolution of Spectrum Combines a mobile phone, laptop and tv Features : -Phone call/fax - global roaming -High-speed web -Videoconferencing -TV streaming Speed : 144 kbps – 2Mbps

3. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) 3G Spectrum allocations

4. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) 3G System Capabilities … Interoperability and roaming Common billing / user profiles: Sharing of usage/rate information between service providers Sharing of usage/rate information between service providers Standardized call detail recording Standardized call detail recording Standardized user profiles Standardized user profiles Capability to determine geographic position of mobiles and report it to both the network and the mobile terminal

5. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Basic 3G Services Multimedia integration of music, video and voice such as video-phones, video-on-demand and MMS (already available) integration of music, video and voice such as video-phones, video-on-demand and MMS (already available) Location-based services exp. Map guide to nearest destination exp. Map guide to nearest destination similar like GPS technology similar like GPS technologyM-commerce e-commerce to mobile terminals, exp. Ordering goods, checking bank account e-commerce to mobile terminals, exp. Ordering goods, checking bank account

6. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) 3G System Capabilities WCDMA - Capability to support circuit and packet data at high bit rates

7. W-CDMA Source : http://www.3g-generation.comhttp://www.3g-generation.com

8. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Examples of 3G applications Scenario 1 Ah!. Its an old presentation… Let me get the new presentation using my 3G phone. New presentation is sent by his colleague from the office. It is downloaded into his 3G terminal and transferred to his laptop (wireless)

9. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Scenario 2 – Shopping A busy executive doing her grocery shopping hasnt had time to queue at a teller machine, but cash is not needed. At the check-out, she uses her 3G terminal to pay for the groceries. It automatically debits her bank account, and gives her an updated balance on request. Scenario 3 - Travelling A young traveller has once again missed the train. Luckily, he has downloaded some of his favorite music from a web store. He's also got a pair of stereo headphones to use with the communication device. Seeing that one of his friends is on-line, he invites the friend to a peaceful game of chess.

10. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Preparing towards 3G Web must be compressed Wireless Markup Language (WML) Wireless Markup Language (WML) cHTML cHTML Video – compression (MPEG4) Terminal handover management IPv6 header eliminated in Voice (ROHC)

11. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Why IPv6 ? Address space problem Projected 1 billion mobiles by 2005 Projected 1 billion mobiles by 2005 Not enough IPv4 addresses especially in Asia Exmp. In China, there are 8 million IPv4 address and 50+ million handsets IPv6 addresses - 340 undecillion addresses IPv6 addresses - 340 undecillion addresses(340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456). We can address the terminals We can address the terminals Eliminate the use of NAT Eliminate the use of NAT

12. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Why IPv6 ? Security built in IPv6 includes packet encryption and source authentication (IPsec) IPv6 includes packet encryption and source authentication (IPsec) Extension header (AH & ESP) Extension header (AH & ESP)Autoconfiguration Stateful (DHCP) Stateful (DHCP) Stateless Stateless

13. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Why IPv6 ? Quality of Service (QoS) for real time services DiffServ and IntServ applicable for both IPv4 and IPv6 DiffServ and IntServ applicable for both IPv4 and IPv6 20 bit flow label for QoS 20 bit flow label for QoS IP Mobility Part of IPv6 (MIP6) Part of IPv6 (MIP6)

14. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) IPv6 status for cellular telephony Has been mandated for 3GPP MWIF recommendation for IPv6 IETF design team designated for fast/smooth/seamless handover Smooth evolusion from GPRS ROHC WG considering header compression Mobile IPv6 should be mandated after Proposed Standard

15. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) IPv4 to IPv6 transition in 3GPP Dual Stack UE connecting to IPv4 and IPv6 nodes IPv6 UE connecting to an IPv6 node through an IPv4 network Dual IPv4 / IPv6 stack Tunneling Translator IPv4 UE connecting to an IPv4 node through an IPv6 network IPv6 UE connecting to an IPv4 node IPv4 UE connecting to an IPv6 node GPRS Scenario

16. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Dual IPv4/IPv6 Stack

17. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Tunneling Tunneling

18. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Implementation

19. PDP contexts to IPv6 links

20. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) IPv6 and 3G Methods to obtain IPv6 address Static Static Dynamic DynamicStateless Stateful – using DHCPv6 3G UE has no unique identifier like Ethernet nodes Stateless configuration is different in 3G It is based on PPPv6 configuration It is based on PPPv6 configuration

21. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Static IPv6 address allocation MT SGSN GGSN 1 Activate PDP Message (PDP type=IPv6, PDP address =IPv6 address) 2 Create PDP message 3 Create PDP Context Response 4 Activate PDP Context accept Message

22. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Stateless Address Autoconfiguration MTBSS / UTRAN SGSN GGSN 1. Activate PDP Context Request (PDP type = IPv6, PDP Address = empty, …) 2. Create PDP Context request 3. Create PDP context response (PDP address = link local address,..) 4. Activate PDP context accept MT extracts Interface-ID from the link local address 5. Router Solicitation 6. Router Advertisement (M flag = 0, Network Prefix…) 7. Neighbor Solicitation 8. GGSN initiated PDP context modification procedure GGSN configured to advertise only one network prefix Neighbor solicitation message shall be discarded by the GGSN except if part of the neighbor unreachability detection GGSN updates the SGSN and MT with the full IPv6 address

23. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Recommendation from IPv6 WG to 3GPP Specify that multiple prefixes may be assigned to each primary context Each prefixes must not be assigned to more than one primary PDP context Allow 3GPP nodes to use multiple identifiers within those prefixes, including randomly generated identifiers

24. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Quality of Service in 3G What is QoS ? A video phone application requires: The application is compatible with that used by the phoned party The cost is not prohibitive There is a network path available to the other party The user knows the IP address of the terminal the other user The end terminals can reassemble the data packets into a sensible order The end terminals understand how to handle errors in packets The packets arrived at the minimum length of time

25. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) QoS Management during handover Illustration of how handover can affect reservation based QoS

26. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Use of context transfer protocol

27. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) IPv6 QoS for 3G – Differentiated Services DiffServ defines 3 classes Expedited forwarding (EF) Expedited forwarding (EF) Assured Forwarding (AF) Assured Forwarding (AF) Best Effort (BE) Best Effort (BE) Difference between wireless QoS and LAN QoS Performance condition in wireless changes drastically when terminal is moving Performance condition in wireless changes drastically when terminal is moving

28. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) IPv6 QoS for 3G – Differentiated Services 2 level of management Intracell management – managed by Access router Intracell management – managed by Access router Intercell management – managed by Edge router Intercell management – managed by Edge router QoS signaling can be encoded part of IPv6 flow label field but restricted to local access network ICMPv6 as second method of signaling command

29. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Towards 4G (2007 ~ 2010) High speed internet access (100Mbps) Rich content transmission Research Into….. Electromagnetic compatibility High-temperature superconductors Ultra-low-noise technologies NTT DoCoMo

30. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Summary and Conclusion Future Internet is largely wireless / mobile IPv6 addressability needed for billions of wireless devices Mobile IPv6 is better and more efficient than Mobile IPv4 Autoconfiguration is suitable for the mobile Internet Security is the key component for success Seamless handover

31. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Resources 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (http://www.3gpp.org) http://www.3gpp.org http://www.3g-generation.com 3G Newsroom (http://www.3gnewsroom.com) http://www.3gnewsroom.com Nokia (http://www.nokia.com/ipv6) http://www.nokia.com/ipv6 Ericsson (http://www.ericsson.com) http://www.ericsson.com RFC 3314 – Recommendation for IPv6 in 3GPP standards

32. asian institute of medicine, science and technology (aimst) Towards IPv6 Globalisation Thank You Gopinath Rao Sinniah gopi@aimst.edu.my