2.  Goes back to ancient Greece  Aristotle and Erasistratus were two of the first men to conduct experiments on live animals  An Arabic physician in the 12 th century, Avenzoar, was: › First to use dissection › Intro’d an experimental method of surgery on animals before humans

3.  1242- Circulation of blood described › Later improved by William Harvey’s research  18 th Century- Antoine Lavoisier uses guinea pigs - > proves respiration was a form of combustion  Stephen Hales measures blood pressure in a horse

4.  1780’s-Luigi Galvani- found link between electricity and reanimation › Advances into the ECG  1880’s- Louis Pasteur -> Germ theory  1890’s- Ivan Pavlov described classical conditioning using a dog  1921- Otto Loewi gives strong evidence in neuronal communication w/ target cells

5.  1920’s- Edgar Adrian -> theory of neural communication › Awarded the Noble Peace Prize  60’s (WOOHOO)- David Hubel & Torsten Wiesel -> macro columnar organization in certain areas of animals › Physiological evidence for critical period for development of disparity sensitivity in vision › Nobel Peace Prize were awarded to these individuals as well

6.  1996- the very first mammal ever to be cloned from an adult cell is born: DOLLY THE SHEEP!!!!!!!!

7.  1940’s- John Cade tests lithium salts in guinea pigs for pharmaceuticals with anticonvulsant properties › Revolutionized treatment of manic-depressives by the 1970’s › Prior: manic depressives were treated with lobotomy or electro-convulsive therapy

8.  1960’s- Albert Starr revolutionized heart valve replacement surgery in humans with surgical advances in dogs › Received the Lasker Medical Award in 2007

9.  1822- The 1 st animal protection law was enacted in Britain  1876- The Animal Cruelty Acts followed › Both aimed at regulating animal testing

11.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animal_testing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animal_testing  http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/science- technology/animal-testing/ http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/science- technology/animal-testing/  http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animal_testin g http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animal_testin g  http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&source=hp&q=anima l+testing&btnG=Google+Search&aq=0&aqi=g10&aql=&oq=A nimal+testing&gs_rfai=CBoNJ5VDhTNLPMpuygASV9MzaA QAAAKoEBU_Q76s3 http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&source=hp&q=anima l+testing&btnG=Google+Search&aq=0&aqi=g10&aql=&oq=A nimal+testing&gs_rfai=CBoNJ5VDhTNLPMpuygASV9MzaA QAAAKoEBU_Q76s3  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_regulations http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_regulations  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_(sheep) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_(sheep)