1. Roma pilots: Tools and methods for evaluation and data collection Main policy recommendations Ben Slay UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre On behalf of UNDP and the World Bank The project is funded by the European Union

2. Innovations in three areas In data collection on Roma socio-economic status In monitoring and evaluation: Via more participatory schemes Community-based observation Video-reporting To better capture results, identify development opportunities For better attribution of individual interventions To go beyond Roma inclusion, to EU-2020 inclusion debates In presentation and outreach: Introducing the “dual streaming” format of this event Held simultaneously in Brussels and Moldava nad Bodvou (Slovakia) to give Roma communities a voice in our meeting

3. Education: Inequalities start early Pre-school enrolment rates Source: UNDP/World Bank/EC regional Roma survey (2011).

4. Recommendations on education (roundtable 1) Universal access to early childhood education Reduce, remove pre-school cost barriers Raise parental awareness Early childhood learning begins at home Integrated education No financial incentives for special schools After-school learning support Support transitions to post-compulsory education Investment in school quality Infrastructure, equipment Teachers

5. Employment: A jobless generation in the making Source: UNDP/World Bank/EC regional Roma survey (2011).

6. Labour market exclusion: Even worse for youth Ages 15-24. Source: UNDP/World Bank/EC regional Roma survey (2011).

7. Drivers of poor labour market performance Not education? Roma education attainment rates improved during 2004-2011...... But were not matched by significant reductions in employment, wage gaps Informal employment—key determinant of otherwise unexplained gaps in wages

8. Labour market recommendations Better access to formal employment Stronger incentives: mix conditionality with (reduced) eligibility after finding a job Counseling, training in interview, job search skills Partnerships between employment offices and actors that know local Roma communities Combat discriminatory practices Employment projects—longer-term focus Longer duration (5+ years) Partnerships with local companies

9. Promoting Roma entrepreneurship, financial inclusion (roundtable 2) Self-employment levels among Roma: Relatively low...... But survey data point to considerable interest Significant obstacles limit access to credit Not easily addressed by microfinance institutions Needed: Comprehensive approaches to Roma financial inclusion G oing beyond microfinance...... Including Roma in formal financial systems...... But not pushing Roma entrepreneurs into the informal sector

10. EU material deprivation index: Roma fare poorly Sources: UNDP/World Bank/EC regional Roma survey (2011); Eurostat (2010). 1.Hard to pay bills 2.No holiday 3.No meat 4.No reserves 5.No color TV 6.No car/van 7.No phone 8.No washing machine 9.Restricted heating Shares of population deprived in 4 of 9 categories

11. Recommendations for better Roma housing, living conditions Housing: Rights-based, integrated approaches It’s not only about housing construction Less construction, more improvements to existing housing stock Legal inclusion  formalizing informal dwellings Diversify housing access programmes New housing Vacant housing Rental housing Local development planning More infrastructure investment for basic services Needed: community-driven incremental approaches to reach more poor Roma households Involve beneficiaries in infrastructure projects

12. Health care: Affordability concerns remain Share of Roma survey respondents unable to afford purchases of prescription (or other necessary) medication Source: UNDP/World Bank/EC regional Roma survey (2011).

13. Recommendations for better health outcomes Integrated, cross-sectoral approaches: Labour market: Formal employment  access to health insurance Education  better health awareness, healthy lifestyles Proper ID documents  inclusion in social security systems Roma-specific health instruments need to link to public health systems Stronger efforts to: Collect reliable Roma health information Disaggregate health outcomes by: Ethnicity Other vulnerability criteria Roma health mediator programmes: Rigorous evaluation Scaling up?

14. Recommendations for better use of EU structural funds Geographic integration: Support integrated programming within a given municipality, community Link hard, soft investments in the same community Careful blending of mainstreamed, targeted approaches Monitoring and evaluation: “SMART” reporting  better data Better tracking of project outputs Rigorous outcome evaluations, to: Promote innovations Boost support for programmes that deliver Community engagement: Involve Roma communities throughout project cycle Reduce administrative burdens on beneficiaries

15. Thank you very much! The project is funded by the European Union