1. Fundamental Issues of Future Internet Introduction, Design Goals and Principles Mingwei Xu 2008.10.26 Qingdao

2. Objective of Architecture & Building Blocks WG The Architecture/Building Blocks working group will gather the experience from current future Internet projects, study the gap between the original Internet architecture and the current reality, bring out the requirements for Future Internet of 10 ~ 20 years from now, discuss the issues (principles) to be considered in the design of Future Internet architecture, and layout the engineering of a new architecture.

3. Internet has achieved a great success Accommodates a wide variety of network technologies Spans an enormous gamut of speeds Supports a broad range of applications Withstands a substantial number of failures Scales to hundreds of millions of nodes

4. However, therere new challenges Problematic issues include Awkwardness with host mobility, multi- homing, traffic engineering Lack of protection from unwanted or harmful traffic Increasing complexity and fragility of inter- domain routing Impact of radically diverse edge devices, including sensor networks

5. Why so many challenges No such user needs when Internet was invented many decades ago, e.g. Mobility Multi-homing Potential necessities were not realized, such as Security Manageability

6. Why so many challenges A surprising increasing number of participants Scalability Instability A underestimated complicated diversity of Internet Heterogeneous networks Different users with different purposes and requirements

7. So… So Internet really needs a substantial change Two categories of designing Future Internet Incremental design Clean-slate design

8. Design Goals From David Clarks The Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols, SIGCOMM 88 0. Effective interconnectivity 1. Internet communication must continue despite loss of networks or gateways. 2. The Internet must support multiple types of communications service. 3. The Internet architecture must accommodate a variety of networks.

9. Design Goals 4. The Internet architecture must permit distributed management of its resources. 5. The Internet architecture must be cost effective 6. The Internet architecture must permit host attachment with a low level of effort. 7. The resources used in the Internet architecture must be accountable

10. New Goals in Addition Situation has changed, so there will be NEW goals in addition Scalability Security Mobility Manageability Quality of Service? Context-awareness Virtualization? Economics …

11. Design Principles Principles from old granny box Layering Decentralization Packet switching Everything-over-IP, IP-over-everything End-to-end argument Best-effort service model Soft-state Fate sharing …

12. Design Principles Maybe now some of them are violated e.g. End-to-end argument In reality, it is already violated by NAT, firewalls, etc. So is it still necessary? Are we still going to raise the dumb Internet? or Give birth to another smart one?

13. Design Principles So new principles should be discussed Maybe nobody will accurately know the answer Because different designs may bring different principles Well, what shall we do?

14. Design Principles The answer is Practice Things are always going forward beyond what we were expecting Experiences tell us that reality is reality Recall the TCP/IP model vs OSI model lesson Testbed is a good place to practice in