1. Pick up lecture note pages on front desk
WARM UP
Pick up lecture note pages on front desk
In two sentences, answer why do you think that Americans after 1812 felt a need to move to the west?

2. Goal 2.01
Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union.

3. US Territorial Expansion
When?
A - 13 Original Colonies
1776
From Where?
Great Britain
Why? A
American colonies claimed independence from Great Britain

4. US Territorial Expansion
When?
B - Western Lands
1783
From Where?
Great Britain
Why?
Granted to U.S. as result of Treaty of Paris (which ended Revolutionary War) A B

5. US Territorial Expansion
When?
C - Louisiana Purchase
1803
From Where?
France
Why?
Napoleon needed $
Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans
He got all of this instead! A C B

6. US Territorial Expansion
When?
D - Florida
1819
From Where?
Spain
Why?
Andrew Jackson invaded over Seminole issues
Spain then sold it to us for $5 million in Adams-Onis Treaty A C B D

7. US Territorial Expansion
When?
E - Texas
1845
From Where?
Republic of Texas (Independent Country)
Why?
Texas independent from Mexico in 1836
Northerners feared it would become a slave state
Fears finally overcome in 1944 Presidential election A C B E D

8. US Territorial Expansion
When?
F - Oregon Territory
1846
From Where?
Great Britain
Why?
Disputed territory- claimed by both U.S. & Great Britain
Americans demanded “54-40’ or fight!”
Britain agreed to Treaty w/ U.S. F A C B E D

9. US Territorial Expansion
When?
G - Mexican Cession
1848
From Where?
Mexico
Why?
Polk offers to buy G from Mexico & they refuse
Mexican War!
US wins
In Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, US offers $15 million for G Mexico forced to accept F A C B G E D

10. Free Write In your own words and looking at the picture define what Manifest Destiny is?
American Progress Color Lithograph by George A. Crofutt and John Gast

11. What is “Manifest Destiny”
Belief that the US should expand its territory across entire continent from coast to coast

12. Mr. Manifest Destiny James K. Polk Elected President in 1844
Added more territory to the US (by any means) than any other President
Promised to annex Texas and take all the Oregon Country from Britain
“54-40 or fight” slogan

13. FULFILLING OUR MANIFEST DESTINY How did the U. S. gain all this land
FULFILLING OUR MANIFEST DESTINY How did the U.S. gain all this land? WAR PURCHASE TREATY ANNEXATION

14. Why People Moved West Religious Freedom Running from the law or debt
To own land
To get rich (’49ers)
Get a new start
To be free

15. Trails West Oregon Trail = immigration trail
Mormon Trail = immigration trail
Santa Fe Trail = trade route

16. 1803-1806 Lewis & Clark Expedition explore the Louisiana Territory
Corps of Discovery
1st Americans to see the Pacific Ocean

17. ". . . the object of your mission is to explore the Missouri river, and such principal streams of it, as, by its course and communication with the waters of the Pacific Ocean, whether the Columbia, Oregon, Colorado or any other river, may offer the most direct and practicable water communication across this continent for the purposes of commerce . . ."

18. FREE WRITE
Do you think Jefferson made a valid decisions in purchasing the Louisiana Purchase? Explain
February 26, 2001

19. 1811
The National Road connects Cumberland, Maryland with Columbus Ohio & continues westward.

20. 1825 The Erie Canal connect the Atlantic Ocean & the Great Lakes.
Called the “Big Ditch”, it greatly improved shipping.

21. 1835
American farmers in Texas begin a war of rebellion against Mexico.
Americans want more representation in the Mexican gov’t.
Sound familiar?

22. 1837
John Deere produces the steel plow, which now allows farmers to burst through the tough prairie soil known as sod.

23. 1837
Cyrus McCormick produces the mechanical reaper allowing farmers to greatly reduce the amount of labor needed to harvest their grain crops.
In 1841 it took sixty-five hours to produce one acre of wheat; in 1941, it takes only two and one-half hours to do the same job.

24. 1842
The Oregon territory opens for settlement; many would-be settlers travel along the 2,000 mile pathway across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains known as the Oregon Trail.

25. Life on the Oregon Trail

26. FREE WRITE http://nebraskastudies.org/0400/stories/0401_0143_01.html
Would you sacrifice your way of life to venture on the Oregon Trail in hopes of a better life? Why or why not.
February 26, 2001

27. The Donner Party Immigrants moving to California 1848
Lost in Sierra Nevada Mtns.
Terrible hardships, forced to eat anything…
Tastes like chicken

28. 1844
James K. Polk used the slogan or Fight! To push for the annexation of Oregon territory.
This settles the US National Border at that latitude line.

29. 1847
Led by Brigham Young, the Mormons end their journey along the Mormon Trail at the shores of the Great Salt Lake in the Utah Territory.
Traveled west to escape religious persecution.

30. FREE WRITE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zj3grveF0E8
Why as a country did we persecute the Mormons even though we were found on religious freedoms?
February 26, 2001

31. 1848
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo gives all Mexican land north of the Rio Grande River to the USA.
Treaty officially ends the Mexican-American War, but causes more problems for the USA.

32. 1850
Bavarian-born Levi Strauss patents & sells a new style of work trousers made from French fabric known as denim or genes cloth to many of the gold miners arriving in California.

33. War for Texas Independence 1835-1836
Texas fights for independence
from Mexico
1821: Mexico gains its independence from Spain
1821: Mexico invites American to settle in Texas

34. 1825: Stephen Austin established a successful American colony in Texas
1830: Mexico closed its borders to American settlers
1833: Stephen Austin asks Pres. Santa Anna (Mexico) for more self government & is put in jail.

35. 1835: Battle of the Alamo
American are slaughtered by Santa Anna’s army
Daniel Boone
Jim Bowie
1836: Battle of San Jacinto
Led by Sam Houston, Americans attack Mexico – “Remember the Alamo!!”

36. 1836: Treaty of Velasco
Texas gains independence from Mexico & becomes its own country
1838: Sam Houston asks the US to annex Texas
1845: Texas becomes the 28th states in the USA
Will it be a free state or a slave state?!?!?
1845: Us asks to buy California & New Mexico from Mexico for $25 million
Mexico refuses & is mad (upset over Texas)
1/1846: US Pres. Polk sent American troops to Southern Texas to protect disputed territory – 16 Americans die
Polk knew there would be American casualties & hoped it would compel Congress to declare war

37. FREE WRITE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N89LzFdlz5E
Summarize the War for Texas Independence.
February 26, 2001

38. Mexican-American War 1846-1848
January 1846: President Polk Send troops to protect Texas (16 Americans die….)
May 1846: Congress declares war on Mexico
North worried more slave states will enter the Union!!
Southerners support the war
June 1846: California declares independence from Mexico & becomes the Bear Flag Republic.
August 1847: US troops capture the capital of Mexico (Mexico City)

39. Mexican-American War 1846-1848
February 1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ends Mex.-Am. War
US gets California, New Mexico & Utah territories for $15 million
Rio Grande River becomes southern border of Texas

40. FREE WRITE
Which was NOT a provision of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
 The US government settled debts owed to US citizens.
 New Mexico was acquired.
 The Rio Grande became Texas's border.
 Mexico had to pay the US $15 million in damages.
 California was acquired.
February 26, 2001

41. The Pony Express Between April, 1860 and Nov., 1861.
Delivered news and mail between St. Louis, MO and San Francisco, CA.
Took 10 days.
Replaced by the completion of the trans-continental telegraph line.

42. Native Americans and Mexicans likely suffered as a result of America’s westward expansion during the 1800s?
Why?
Native Americans lost more of their land and was pushed further West.
Mexicans had lost half of their territory to America.

43. Free Write
“Gold Mine Found – In the newly made raceway of the Saw Mill …, gold has been found in considerable quantities. One Person brought thirty dollars worth to New Helvetia…California, no doubt, s rich in mineral wealth; great chances her for scientific capitalists. Gold has been found in almost every part of the country.” Californian – San Francisco
Which of the following best describes the most likely impact of the newspaper announcement above?
The exploration of the western territories had finally concluded.
The Mexican government brought legal action against the US to regain control of the territory.
The rapidly growing population was more diversified that that of the East Coast.
The United States passed stronger immigration laws to exclude Asians from entering the country.

44. CLOSURE
Handout complete by end of class.
February 26, 2001